Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.

When the habitat occupied by a specialist species is patchily distributed, limited gene flow between the fragmented populations may allow population differentiation and eventual speciation. 'Sky islands'-montane habitats that form terrestrial islands-have been shown to promote diversificat...

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Autores principales:	Sumayya Abdul Rahim, Ullasa Kodandaramaiah, Aboli Kulkarni, Deepak Barua
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1992a1660381495c8b51e641f2b4610d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1992a1660381495c8b51e641f2b4610d2021-12-02T20:15:46ZStriking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0253038https://doaj.org/article/1992a1660381495c8b51e641f2b4610d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253038https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203When the habitat occupied by a specialist species is patchily distributed, limited gene flow between the fragmented populations may allow population differentiation and eventual speciation. 'Sky islands'-montane habitats that form terrestrial islands-have been shown to promote diversification in many taxa through this mechanism. We investigate floral variation in Impatiens lawii, a plant specialized on laterite rich rocky plateaus that form sky islands in the northern Western Ghats mountains of India. We focus on three plateaus separated from each other by ca. 7 to 17 km, and show that floral traits have diverged strongly between these populations. In contrast, floral traits have not diverged in the congeneric I. oppositifolia, which co-occurs with I. lawii in the plateaus, but is a habitat generalist that is also found in the intervening valleys. We conducted common garden experiments to test whether the differences in I. lawii are due to genetic differentiation or phenotypic plasticity. There were strong differences in floral morphology between experimental plants sourced from the three populations, and the relative divergences between population pairs mirrored that seen in the wild, indicating that the populations are genetically differentiated. Common garden experiments confirmed that there was no differentiation in I. oppositifolia. Field floral visitation surveys indicated that the observed differences in floral traits have consequences for I. lawii populations, by reducing the number of visitors and changing the relative abundance of different floral visitor groups. Our results highlight the role of habitat specialization in diversification, and corroborates the importance of sky islands as centres of diversification.Sumayya Abdul RahimUllasa KodandaramaiahAboli KulkarniDeepak BaruaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0253038 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sumayya Abdul Rahim Ullasa Kodandaramaiah Aboli Kulkarni Deepak Barua Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.
description	When the habitat occupied by a specialist species is patchily distributed, limited gene flow between the fragmented populations may allow population differentiation and eventual speciation. 'Sky islands'-montane habitats that form terrestrial islands-have been shown to promote diversification in many taxa through this mechanism. We investigate floral variation in Impatiens lawii, a plant specialized on laterite rich rocky plateaus that form sky islands in the northern Western Ghats mountains of India. We focus on three plateaus separated from each other by ca. 7 to 17 km, and show that floral traits have diverged strongly between these populations. In contrast, floral traits have not diverged in the congeneric I. oppositifolia, which co-occurs with I. lawii in the plateaus, but is a habitat generalist that is also found in the intervening valleys. We conducted common garden experiments to test whether the differences in I. lawii are due to genetic differentiation or phenotypic plasticity. There were strong differences in floral morphology between experimental plants sourced from the three populations, and the relative divergences between population pairs mirrored that seen in the wild, indicating that the populations are genetically differentiated. Common garden experiments confirmed that there was no differentiation in I. oppositifolia. Field floral visitation surveys indicated that the observed differences in floral traits have consequences for I. lawii populations, by reducing the number of visitors and changing the relative abundance of different floral visitor groups. Our results highlight the role of habitat specialization in diversification, and corroborates the importance of sky islands as centres of diversification.
format	article
author	Sumayya Abdul Rahim Ullasa Kodandaramaiah Aboli Kulkarni Deepak Barua
author_facet	Sumayya Abdul Rahim Ullasa Kodandaramaiah Aboli Kulkarni Deepak Barua
author_sort	Sumayya Abdul Rahim
title	Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.
title_short	Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.
title_full	Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.
title_fullStr	Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.
title_full_unstemmed	Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.
title_sort	striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1992a1660381495c8b51e641f2b4610d
work_keys_str_mv	AT sumayyaabdulrahim strikingbetweenpopulationfloraldivergencesinahabitatspecializedplant AT ullasakodandaramaiah strikingbetweenpopulationfloraldivergencesinahabitatspecializedplant AT abolikulkarni strikingbetweenpopulationfloraldivergencesinahabitatspecializedplant AT deepakbarua strikingbetweenpopulationfloraldivergencesinahabitatspecializedplant
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Striking between-population floral divergences in a habitat specialized plant.

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