Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review

The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in the environment is an undeniable and serious concern due to their higher persistence and extensive use in agricultural production. This review highlights the sources and fate of MPs and NPs in soil and their uptake, translocati...

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Autores principales:	Imran Azeem, Muhammad Adeel, Muhammad Arslan Ahmad, Noman Shakoor, Gama Dingba Jiangcuo, Kamran Azeem, Muhammad Ishfaq, Awais Shakoor, Muhammad Ayaz, Ming Xu, Yukui Rui
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bioavailability nanoplastics microbes rhizosphere translocation Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1997351d680244c7b351be2a9ab7cd47
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1997351d680244c7b351be2a9ab7cd472021-11-25T18:30:59ZUptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review10.3390/nano111129352079-4991https://doaj.org/article/1997351d680244c7b351be2a9ab7cd472021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2935https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in the environment is an undeniable and serious concern due to their higher persistence and extensive use in agricultural production. This review highlights the sources and fate of MPs and NPs in soil and their uptake, translocation, and physiological effects in the plant system. We provide the current snapshot of the latest reported studies with the majority of literature spanning the last five years. We draw attention to the potential risk of MPs and NPs in modern agriculture and their effects on plant growth and development. We also highlight their uptake and transport pathways in roots and leaves via different exposure methods in plants. Conclusively, agricultural practices, climate changes (wet weather and heavy rainfall), and soil organisms play a major role in transporting MPs and NPs in soil. NPs are more prone to enter plant cell walls as compared to MPs. Furthermore, transpiration pull is the dominant factor in the plant uptake and translocation of plastic particles. MPs have negligible negative effects on plant physiological and biochemical indicators. Overall, there is a dire need to establish long-term studies for a better understanding of their fate and associated risks mechanisms in realistic environment scenarios for safe agricultural functions.Imran AzeemMuhammad AdeelMuhammad Arslan AhmadNoman ShakoorGama Dingba JiangcuoKamran AzeemMuhammad IshfaqAwais ShakoorMuhammad AyazMing XuYukui RuiMDPI AGarticlebioavailabilitynanoplasticsmicrobesrhizospheretranslocationChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2935, p 2935 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bioavailability nanoplastics microbes rhizosphere translocation Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	bioavailability nanoplastics microbes rhizosphere translocation Chemistry QD1-999 Imran Azeem Muhammad Adeel Muhammad Arslan Ahmad Noman Shakoor Gama Dingba Jiangcuo Kamran Azeem Muhammad Ishfaq Awais Shakoor Muhammad Ayaz Ming Xu Yukui Rui Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review
description	The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in the environment is an undeniable and serious concern due to their higher persistence and extensive use in agricultural production. This review highlights the sources and fate of MPs and NPs in soil and their uptake, translocation, and physiological effects in the plant system. We provide the current snapshot of the latest reported studies with the majority of literature spanning the last five years. We draw attention to the potential risk of MPs and NPs in modern agriculture and their effects on plant growth and development. We also highlight their uptake and transport pathways in roots and leaves via different exposure methods in plants. Conclusively, agricultural practices, climate changes (wet weather and heavy rainfall), and soil organisms play a major role in transporting MPs and NPs in soil. NPs are more prone to enter plant cell walls as compared to MPs. Furthermore, transpiration pull is the dominant factor in the plant uptake and translocation of plastic particles. MPs have negligible negative effects on plant physiological and biochemical indicators. Overall, there is a dire need to establish long-term studies for a better understanding of their fate and associated risks mechanisms in realistic environment scenarios for safe agricultural functions.
format	article
author	Imran Azeem Muhammad Adeel Muhammad Arslan Ahmad Noman Shakoor Gama Dingba Jiangcuo Kamran Azeem Muhammad Ishfaq Awais Shakoor Muhammad Ayaz Ming Xu Yukui Rui
author_facet	Imran Azeem Muhammad Adeel Muhammad Arslan Ahmad Noman Shakoor Gama Dingba Jiangcuo Kamran Azeem Muhammad Ishfaq Awais Shakoor Muhammad Ayaz Ming Xu Yukui Rui
author_sort	Imran Azeem
title	Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review
title_short	Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review
title_full	Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review
title_fullStr	Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review
title_full_unstemmed	Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review
title_sort	uptake and accumulation of nano/microplastics in plants: a critical review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1997351d680244c7b351be2a9ab7cd47
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Uptake and Accumulation of Nano/Microplastics in Plants: A Critical Review

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