Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.

All known photoreceptor cells adapt to constant light stimuli, fading the retinal image when exposed to an immobile visual scene. Counter strategies are therefore necessary to prevent blindness, and in mammals this is accomplished by fixational eye movements. Cubomedusae occupy a key position for un...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Jan Bielecki, Jens T Høeg, Anders Garm
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/19dcff0c50074f56bfa72aa00d458edc
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:19dcff0c50074f56bfa72aa00d458edc
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:19dcff0c50074f56bfa72aa00d458edc2021-11-18T07:42:12ZFixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0066442https://doaj.org/article/19dcff0c50074f56bfa72aa00d458edc2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23776673/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203All known photoreceptor cells adapt to constant light stimuli, fading the retinal image when exposed to an immobile visual scene. Counter strategies are therefore necessary to prevent blindness, and in mammals this is accomplished by fixational eye movements. Cubomedusae occupy a key position for understanding the evolution of complex visual systems and their eyes are assumedly subject to the same adaptive problems as the vertebrate eye, but lack motor control of their visual system. The morphology of the visual system of cubomedusae ensures a constant orientation of the eyes and a clear division of the visual field, but thereby also a constant retinal image when exposed to stationary visual scenes. Here we show that bell contractions used for swimming in the medusae refresh the retinal image in the upper lens eye of Tripedalia cystophora. This strongly suggests that strategies comparable to fixational eye movements have evolved at the earliest metazoan stage to compensate for the intrinsic property of the photoreceptors. Since the timing and amplitude of the rhopalial movements concur with the spatial and temporal resolution of the eye it circumvents the need for post processing in the central nervous system to remove image blur.Jan BieleckiJens T HøegAnders GarmPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 6, p e66442 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jan Bielecki Jens T Høeg Anders Garm Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.
description	All known photoreceptor cells adapt to constant light stimuli, fading the retinal image when exposed to an immobile visual scene. Counter strategies are therefore necessary to prevent blindness, and in mammals this is accomplished by fixational eye movements. Cubomedusae occupy a key position for understanding the evolution of complex visual systems and their eyes are assumedly subject to the same adaptive problems as the vertebrate eye, but lack motor control of their visual system. The morphology of the visual system of cubomedusae ensures a constant orientation of the eyes and a clear division of the visual field, but thereby also a constant retinal image when exposed to stationary visual scenes. Here we show that bell contractions used for swimming in the medusae refresh the retinal image in the upper lens eye of Tripedalia cystophora. This strongly suggests that strategies comparable to fixational eye movements have evolved at the earliest metazoan stage to compensate for the intrinsic property of the photoreceptors. Since the timing and amplitude of the rhopalial movements concur with the spatial and temporal resolution of the eye it circumvents the need for post processing in the central nervous system to remove image blur.
format	article
author	Jan Bielecki Jens T Høeg Anders Garm
author_facet	Jan Bielecki Jens T Høeg Anders Garm
author_sort	Jan Bielecki
title	Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.
title_short	Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.
title_full	Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.
title_fullStr	Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.
title_full_unstemmed	Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.
title_sort	fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/19dcff0c50074f56bfa72aa00d458edc
work_keys_str_mv	AT janbielecki fixationaleyemovementsintheearlieststageofmetazoanevolution AT jensthøeg fixationaleyemovementsintheearlieststageofmetazoanevolution AT andersgarm fixationaleyemovementsintheearlieststageofmetazoanevolution
_version_	1718423080873754624

Fixational eye movements in the earliest stage of metazoan evolution.

Ejemplares similares