Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.

Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are major components in most viperid venoms that induce disturbances in the hemostatic system and tissues of animals envenomated by snakes. These disturbances are involved in human pathology of snake bites and appear to be essential for the capture and digestio...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Juliana L Bernardoni, Leijiane F Sousa, Luciana S Wermelinger, Aline S Lopes, Benedito C Prezoto, Solange M T Serrano, Russolina B Zingali, Ana M Moura-da-Silva
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/19e19f63d5534dd381636d6e49d4fa98
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:19e19f63d5534dd381636d6e49d4fa98
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:19e19f63d5534dd381636d6e49d4fa982021-11-25T05:56:47ZFunctional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0109651https://doaj.org/article/19e19f63d5534dd381636d6e49d4fa982014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109651https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are major components in most viperid venoms that induce disturbances in the hemostatic system and tissues of animals envenomated by snakes. These disturbances are involved in human pathology of snake bites and appear to be essential for the capture and digestion of snake's prey and avoidance of predators. SVMPs are a versatile family of venom toxins acting on different hemostatic targets which are present in venoms in distinct structural forms. However, the reason why a large number of different SVMPs are expressed in some venoms is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the interference of five isolated SVMPs in blood coagulation of humans, birds and small rodents. P-III class SVMPs (fractions Ic, IIb and IIc) possess gelatinolytic and hemorrhagic activities, and, of these, two also show fibrinolytic activity. P-I class SVMPs (fractions IVa and IVb) are only fibrinolytic. P-III class SVMPs reduced clotting time of human plasma. Fraction IIc was characterized as prothrombin activator and fraction Ic as factor X activator. In the absence of Ca2+, a firm clot was observed in chicken blood samples with fractions Ic, IIb and partially with fraction IIc. In contrast, without Ca2+, only fraction IIc was able to induce a firm clot in rat blood. In conclusion, functionally distinct forms of SVMPs were found in B. neuwiedi venom that affect distinct mechanisms in the coagulation system of humans, birds and small rodents. Distinct SVMPs appear to be more specialized to rat or chicken blood, strengthening the current hypothesis that toxin diversity enhances the possibilities of the snakes for hunting different prey or evading different predators. This functional diversity also impacts the complexity of human envenoming since different hemostatic mechanisms will be targeted by SVMPs accounting for the complexity of the response of humans to venoms.Juliana L BernardoniLeijiane F SousaLuciana S WermelingerAline S LopesBenedito C PrezotoSolange M T SerranoRussolina B ZingaliAna M Moura-da-SilvaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e109651 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Juliana L Bernardoni Leijiane F Sousa Luciana S Wermelinger Aline S Lopes Benedito C Prezoto Solange M T Serrano Russolina B Zingali Ana M Moura-da-Silva Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.
description	Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are major components in most viperid venoms that induce disturbances in the hemostatic system and tissues of animals envenomated by snakes. These disturbances are involved in human pathology of snake bites and appear to be essential for the capture and digestion of snake's prey and avoidance of predators. SVMPs are a versatile family of venom toxins acting on different hemostatic targets which are present in venoms in distinct structural forms. However, the reason why a large number of different SVMPs are expressed in some venoms is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the interference of five isolated SVMPs in blood coagulation of humans, birds and small rodents. P-III class SVMPs (fractions Ic, IIb and IIc) possess gelatinolytic and hemorrhagic activities, and, of these, two also show fibrinolytic activity. P-I class SVMPs (fractions IVa and IVb) are only fibrinolytic. P-III class SVMPs reduced clotting time of human plasma. Fraction IIc was characterized as prothrombin activator and fraction Ic as factor X activator. In the absence of Ca2+, a firm clot was observed in chicken blood samples with fractions Ic, IIb and partially with fraction IIc. In contrast, without Ca2+, only fraction IIc was able to induce a firm clot in rat blood. In conclusion, functionally distinct forms of SVMPs were found in B. neuwiedi venom that affect distinct mechanisms in the coagulation system of humans, birds and small rodents. Distinct SVMPs appear to be more specialized to rat or chicken blood, strengthening the current hypothesis that toxin diversity enhances the possibilities of the snakes for hunting different prey or evading different predators. This functional diversity also impacts the complexity of human envenoming since different hemostatic mechanisms will be targeted by SVMPs accounting for the complexity of the response of humans to venoms.
format	article
author	Juliana L Bernardoni Leijiane F Sousa Luciana S Wermelinger Aline S Lopes Benedito C Prezoto Solange M T Serrano Russolina B Zingali Ana M Moura-da-Silva
author_facet	Juliana L Bernardoni Leijiane F Sousa Luciana S Wermelinger Aline S Lopes Benedito C Prezoto Solange M T Serrano Russolina B Zingali Ana M Moura-da-Silva
author_sort	Juliana L Bernardoni
title	Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.
title_short	Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.
title_full	Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.
title_fullStr	Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.
title_full_unstemmed	Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.
title_sort	functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/19e19f63d5534dd381636d6e49d4fa98
work_keys_str_mv	AT julianalbernardoni functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation AT leijianefsousa functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation AT lucianaswermelinger functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation AT alineslopes functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation AT beneditocprezoto functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation AT solangemtserrano functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation AT russolinabzingali functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation AT anammouradasilva functionalvariabilityofsnakevenommetalloproteinasesadaptiveadvantagesintargetingdifferentpreyandimplicationsforhumanenvenomation
_version_	1718414326012837888

Functional variability of snake venom metalloproteinases: adaptive advantages in targeting different prey and implications for human envenomation.

Ejemplares similares