Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity

Abstract Inbreeding depression (ID) is a fundamental selective pressure that shapes mating systems and population genetic structures in plants. Although it has been shown that ID varies over the life stages of shorter-lived plants, less is known about how the fitness effects of inbreeding vary acros...

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Autores principales:	Jon Ahlinder, Barbara E. Giles, M. Rosario García-Gil
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/19e68fc797a9403ba297602249db0802
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:19e68fc797a9403ba297602249db08022021-12-02T13:39:55ZLife stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity10.1038/s41598-021-88128-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/19e68fc797a9403ba297602249db08022021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88128-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Inbreeding depression (ID) is a fundamental selective pressure that shapes mating systems and population genetic structures in plants. Although it has been shown that ID varies over the life stages of shorter-lived plants, less is known about how the fitness effects of inbreeding vary across life stages in long-lived species. We conducted a literature survey in the Pinaceae, a tree family known to harbour some of the highest mutational loads ever reported. Using a meta-regression model, we investigated distributions of inbreeding depression over life stages, adjusting for effects of inbreeding levels and the genetic differentiation of populations within species. The final dataset contained 147 estimates of ID across life stages from 41 studies. 44 Fst estimates were collected from 40 peer-reviewed studies for the 18 species to aid genetic differentiation modelling. Partitioning species into fragmented and well-connected groups using Fst resulted in the best way (i.e. trade-off between high goodness-of-fit of the model to the data and reduced model complexity) to incorporate genetic connectivity in the meta-regression analysis. Inclusion of a life stage term and its interaction with the inbreeding coefficient (F) dramatically increased model precision. We observed that the correlation between ID and F was significant at the earliest life stage. Although partitioning of species populations into fragmented and well-connected groups explained little of the between-study heterogeneity, the inclusion of an interaction between life stage and population differentiation revealed that populations with fragmented distributions suffered lower inbreeding depression at early embryonic stages than species with well-connected populations. There was no evidence for increased ID in late life stages in well-connected populations, although ID tended to increase across life stages in the fragmented group. These findings suggest that life stage data should be included in inbreeding depression studies and that inbreeding needs to be managed over life stages in commercial populations of long-lived plants.Jon AhlinderBarbara E. GilesM. Rosario García-GilNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jon Ahlinder Barbara E. Giles M. Rosario García-Gil Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity
description	Abstract Inbreeding depression (ID) is a fundamental selective pressure that shapes mating systems and population genetic structures in plants. Although it has been shown that ID varies over the life stages of shorter-lived plants, less is known about how the fitness effects of inbreeding vary across life stages in long-lived species. We conducted a literature survey in the Pinaceae, a tree family known to harbour some of the highest mutational loads ever reported. Using a meta-regression model, we investigated distributions of inbreeding depression over life stages, adjusting for effects of inbreeding levels and the genetic differentiation of populations within species. The final dataset contained 147 estimates of ID across life stages from 41 studies. 44 Fst estimates were collected from 40 peer-reviewed studies for the 18 species to aid genetic differentiation modelling. Partitioning species into fragmented and well-connected groups using Fst resulted in the best way (i.e. trade-off between high goodness-of-fit of the model to the data and reduced model complexity) to incorporate genetic connectivity in the meta-regression analysis. Inclusion of a life stage term and its interaction with the inbreeding coefficient (F) dramatically increased model precision. We observed that the correlation between ID and F was significant at the earliest life stage. Although partitioning of species populations into fragmented and well-connected groups explained little of the between-study heterogeneity, the inclusion of an interaction between life stage and population differentiation revealed that populations with fragmented distributions suffered lower inbreeding depression at early embryonic stages than species with well-connected populations. There was no evidence for increased ID in late life stages in well-connected populations, although ID tended to increase across life stages in the fragmented group. These findings suggest that life stage data should be included in inbreeding depression studies and that inbreeding needs to be managed over life stages in commercial populations of long-lived plants.
format	article
author	Jon Ahlinder Barbara E. Giles M. Rosario García-Gil
author_facet	Jon Ahlinder Barbara E. Giles M. Rosario García-Gil
author_sort	Jon Ahlinder
title	Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity
title_short	Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity
title_full	Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity
title_fullStr	Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity
title_full_unstemmed	Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity
title_sort	life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived pinaceae species depends on population connectivity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/19e68fc797a9403ba297602249db0802
work_keys_str_mv	AT jonahlinder lifestagespecificinbreedingdepressioninlonglivedpinaceaespeciesdependsonpopulationconnectivity AT barbaraegiles lifestagespecificinbreedingdepressioninlonglivedpinaceaespeciesdependsonpopulationconnectivity AT mrosariogarciagil lifestagespecificinbreedingdepressioninlonglivedpinaceaespeciesdependsonpopulationconnectivity
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Life stage-specific inbreeding depression in long-lived Pinaceae species depends on population connectivity

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