The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities

Background: Malnutrition remains a public health issue among children in resource poor countries where seasonality affects food availability, food consumption, and nutritional status of a population. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of anemia, low vitamin A and associated factors in...

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Autores principales:	Godfred Egbi, Margaret Mary Tohuoenou, Mary Glover-Amengor, Theodosia Adom
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Seasonal changes Nutritional status Anemia Vitamin a status Schoolchildren Peri-urban Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases RC620-627
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1a35ad02edd04c51a7fbb2ec242a6aee
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1a35ad02edd04c51a7fbb2ec242a6aee2021-12-04T04:35:58ZThe impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities2666-149710.1016/j.hnm.2021.200135https://doaj.org/article/1a35ad02edd04c51a7fbb2ec242a6aee2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149721000177https://doaj.org/toc/2666-1497Background: Malnutrition remains a public health issue among children in resource poor countries where seasonality affects food availability, food consumption, and nutritional status of a population. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of anemia, low vitamin A and associated factors in school-age children in dry and wet season in a peri-urban setting. Methods: This was a six months observational study where data and samples were collected from school age children 6–12 years in mid-March (dry season) and mid-August (rainy season) 2020. Data and biological samples collected, were analyzed to determine prevalence of adequate dietary intakes, anemia, low vitamin A, and under-nutrition among participants. Results: The study participants had 40.9% and 32.3% prevalence of anemia, 30.1% and 19.4% prevalence of low vitamin A, 12.9% and 10.8% level of wasting, and 63.4% and 94.6% level of adequate iron intake in the dry and wet seasons respectively. The cohort of anemic participants had mean hemoglobin concentrations as 10.6(1.7)ug/dl and 11.4(91.1)ug/dl in the dry and wet seasons respectively and significantly different at p = 0.001. The prevalence of anemia among them declined from 100.0% in the dry season to 79.0% in the wet season. They had mean serum retinol concentration as 22.4(6.4)ug/dl and 25.0(8.9)ug/dl, (significantly different at p = 0.014), prevalence of low vitamin A at 36.8% and 31.6%, prevalence of wasting as 23.7% and 18.4%, and prevalence of thinness as 10.2% and 7.9% in the dry and wet seasons respectively. Anemia associated significantly with parental monthly income of 1000–1500 cedis (180–269 USD), (OR:046, p = 0.039), and low vitamin A level (<20 μg/dl), (OR: 0.319, p = 0.049) in the dry season. Anemia associated significantly with low serum retinol (<20 μg/dl) (OR:0.070, p = 0.003) and dry season’s low hemoglobin (<11.5 g/dl) (OR:0.302, p = 0.034) among the participants. Conclusion: Seasonal variation from the dry to wet season have consequential effect on anemia, and nutritional status with associated factors among the study participants. Anemia associated significantly with parental monthly income in the dry season and with low serum retinol and dry season’s low hemoglobin in the wet season. Nutrition interventions will be more beneficial to the study participants during the dry season.Godfred EgbiMargaret Mary TohuoenouMary Glover-AmengorTheodosia AdomElsevierarticleSeasonal changesNutritional statusAnemiaVitamin a statusSchoolchildrenPeri-urbanNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseasesRC620-627ENHuman Nutrition & Metabolism, Vol 26, Iss , Pp 200135- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Seasonal changes Nutritional status Anemia Vitamin a status Schoolchildren Peri-urban Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases RC620-627
spellingShingle	Seasonal changes Nutritional status Anemia Vitamin a status Schoolchildren Peri-urban Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases RC620-627 Godfred Egbi Margaret Mary Tohuoenou Mary Glover-Amengor Theodosia Adom The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities
description	Background: Malnutrition remains a public health issue among children in resource poor countries where seasonality affects food availability, food consumption, and nutritional status of a population. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of anemia, low vitamin A and associated factors in school-age children in dry and wet season in a peri-urban setting. Methods: This was a six months observational study where data and samples were collected from school age children 6–12 years in mid-March (dry season) and mid-August (rainy season) 2020. Data and biological samples collected, were analyzed to determine prevalence of adequate dietary intakes, anemia, low vitamin A, and under-nutrition among participants. Results: The study participants had 40.9% and 32.3% prevalence of anemia, 30.1% and 19.4% prevalence of low vitamin A, 12.9% and 10.8% level of wasting, and 63.4% and 94.6% level of adequate iron intake in the dry and wet seasons respectively. The cohort of anemic participants had mean hemoglobin concentrations as 10.6(1.7)ug/dl and 11.4(91.1)ug/dl in the dry and wet seasons respectively and significantly different at p = 0.001. The prevalence of anemia among them declined from 100.0% in the dry season to 79.0% in the wet season. They had mean serum retinol concentration as 22.4(6.4)ug/dl and 25.0(8.9)ug/dl, (significantly different at p = 0.014), prevalence of low vitamin A at 36.8% and 31.6%, prevalence of wasting as 23.7% and 18.4%, and prevalence of thinness as 10.2% and 7.9% in the dry and wet seasons respectively. Anemia associated significantly with parental monthly income of 1000–1500 cedis (180–269 USD), (OR:046, p = 0.039), and low vitamin A level (<20 μg/dl), (OR: 0.319, p = 0.049) in the dry season. Anemia associated significantly with low serum retinol (<20 μg/dl) (OR:0.070, p = 0.003) and dry season’s low hemoglobin (<11.5 g/dl) (OR:0.302, p = 0.034) among the participants. Conclusion: Seasonal variation from the dry to wet season have consequential effect on anemia, and nutritional status with associated factors among the study participants. Anemia associated significantly with parental monthly income in the dry season and with low serum retinol and dry season’s low hemoglobin in the wet season. Nutrition interventions will be more beneficial to the study participants during the dry season.
format	article
author	Godfred Egbi Margaret Mary Tohuoenou Mary Glover-Amengor Theodosia Adom
author_facet	Godfred Egbi Margaret Mary Tohuoenou Mary Glover-Amengor Theodosia Adom
author_sort	Godfred Egbi
title	The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities
title_short	The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities
title_full	The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities
title_fullStr	The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities
title_full_unstemmed	The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities
title_sort	impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1a35ad02edd04c51a7fbb2ec242a6aee
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The impact of seasonal variation on anemia and nutritional status with associated factors in 6–12 years Ghanaian school age children in peri-urban communities

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