Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment

Based on molecular simulations, the synthetic route of water-insoluble gardenia blue pigment was prepared by the reaction of genipin and L-Phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride. A highly purified pigment was obtained after extraction by chloroform and purification by silica gel column chromatogra...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Yakun Gao, Jinchuan Xu, Guorong Liu, Rong Nie, Jiaojiao Duan, Duoxia Xu, Chengtao Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	gardenia blue pigment water-insoluble structure study solubility study stability study Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1a6e94ba9da9421ea61e6b3dffdd43a5
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:1a6e94ba9da9421ea61e6b3dffdd43a5
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1a6e94ba9da9421ea61e6b3dffdd43a52021-11-11T18:08:01ZPreparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment10.3390/ma142165941996-1944https://doaj.org/article/1a6e94ba9da9421ea61e6b3dffdd43a52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6594https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Based on molecular simulations, the synthetic route of water-insoluble gardenia blue pigment was prepared by the reaction of genipin and L-Phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride. A highly purified pigment was obtained after extraction by chloroform and purification by silica gel column chromatography, and the value of color is up to 288. A study on the structural characteristics of the pigment was implemented with a scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, and quatropde-time of flight mass spectrometer. The results showed that the surface of the pigment was largely smooth and spherical; The <i>λ</i><sub>max</sub> was 607 nm, and the main functional groups include O-C=O, C=O, C-N, C=C, OH, and benzene ring; We detrained six different molecular weight and chemical structures of pigments and speculated the particular structures and formation mechanisms of three kinds of pigment, whose molecular weights are 690.1156, 720.1226, and 708.1246 Da, respectively. The pigment was only able to be dissolved in ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and other strong polar organic solvents, but was not able to be dissolved in water, ethyl ether, petroleum ether, and other weak polar organic solvents. In terms of light and thermal stabilities, water-insoluble gardenia blue pigment is significantly better than water-soluble gardenia blue pigment (<i>p</i> < 0.05). When it is under direct light for 7 days or incubated at 80–120 °C for 24 h, the pigment residual rates were 74.90, 95.26, 88.27, and 87.72%, respectively.Yakun GaoJinchuan XuGuorong LiuRong NieJiaojiao DuanDuoxia XuChengtao WangMDPI AGarticlegardenia blue pigmentwater-insolublestructure studysolubility studystability studyTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6594, p 6594 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gardenia blue pigment water-insoluble structure study solubility study stability study Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	gardenia blue pigment water-insoluble structure study solubility study stability study Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Yakun Gao Jinchuan Xu Guorong Liu Rong Nie Jiaojiao Duan Duoxia Xu Chengtao Wang Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment
description	Based on molecular simulations, the synthetic route of water-insoluble gardenia blue pigment was prepared by the reaction of genipin and L-Phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride. A highly purified pigment was obtained after extraction by chloroform and purification by silica gel column chromatography, and the value of color is up to 288. A study on the structural characteristics of the pigment was implemented with a scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, and quatropde-time of flight mass spectrometer. The results showed that the surface of the pigment was largely smooth and spherical; The <i>λ</i><sub>max</sub> was 607 nm, and the main functional groups include O-C=O, C=O, C-N, C=C, OH, and benzene ring; We detrained six different molecular weight and chemical structures of pigments and speculated the particular structures and formation mechanisms of three kinds of pigment, whose molecular weights are 690.1156, 720.1226, and 708.1246 Da, respectively. The pigment was only able to be dissolved in ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and other strong polar organic solvents, but was not able to be dissolved in water, ethyl ether, petroleum ether, and other weak polar organic solvents. In terms of light and thermal stabilities, water-insoluble gardenia blue pigment is significantly better than water-soluble gardenia blue pigment (<i>p</i> < 0.05). When it is under direct light for 7 days or incubated at 80–120 °C for 24 h, the pigment residual rates were 74.90, 95.26, 88.27, and 87.72%, respectively.
format	article
author	Yakun Gao Jinchuan Xu Guorong Liu Rong Nie Jiaojiao Duan Duoxia Xu Chengtao Wang
author_facet	Yakun Gao Jinchuan Xu Guorong Liu Rong Nie Jiaojiao Duan Duoxia Xu Chengtao Wang
author_sort	Yakun Gao
title	Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment
title_short	Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment
title_full	Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment
title_fullStr	Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment
title_sort	preparation and characterization of water-insoluble gardenia blue pigment
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1a6e94ba9da9421ea61e6b3dffdd43a5
work_keys_str_mv	AT yakungao preparationandcharacterizationofwaterinsolublegardeniabluepigment AT jinchuanxu preparationandcharacterizationofwaterinsolublegardeniabluepigment AT guorongliu preparationandcharacterizationofwaterinsolublegardeniabluepigment AT rongnie preparationandcharacterizationofwaterinsolublegardeniabluepigment AT jiaojiaoduan preparationandcharacterizationofwaterinsolublegardeniabluepigment AT duoxiaxu preparationandcharacterizationofwaterinsolublegardeniabluepigment AT chengtaowang preparationandcharacterizationofwaterinsolublegardeniabluepigment
_version_	1718431927511285760

Preparation and Characterization of Water-Insoluble Gardenia Blue Pigment

Ejemplares similares