Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam

Antonio Gambardella1,2, Angelo Labate1,2, Eleonora Colosimo1, Roberta Ambrosio1, Aldo Quattrone1,21Institute of Neurology, University Magna Gr&aelig;cia, Catanzaro, Italy; 2Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, Piano Lago di Mangone, Cosenza, ItalyAbstract: Levetirac...

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Autores principales:	Antonio Gambardella, Angelo Labate, Eleonora Colosimo, Roberta Ambrosio, Aldo Quattrone
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2008
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1a7df4e371224d898411412d571ef248
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1a7df4e371224d898411412d571ef2482021-12-02T00:23:42ZMonotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam1176-63281178-2021https://doaj.org/article/1a7df4e371224d898411412d571ef2482008-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/monotherapy-for-partial-epilepsy-focus-on-levetiracetam-a993https://doaj.org/toc/1176-6328https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Antonio Gambardella1,2, Angelo Labate1,2, Eleonora Colosimo1, Roberta Ambrosio1, Aldo Quattrone1,21Institute of Neurology, University Magna Gr&aelig;cia, Catanzaro, Italy; 2Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, Piano Lago di Mangone, Cosenza, ItalyAbstract: Levetiracetam (LEV), the S-enantiomer of alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrollidine acetamide, is a recently licensed antiepileptic drug (AED) for adjunctive therapy of partial seizures. Its mechanism of action is uncertain but it exhibits a unique profile of anticonvulsant activity in models of chronic epilepsy. Five randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials enrolling adult or pediatric patients with refractory partial epilepsy have demonstrated the efficacy of LEV as adjunctive therapy, with a responder rate (&ge;50% reduction in seizure frequency) of 28%&ndash;45%. Long-term efficacy studies suggest retention rates of 60% after one year, with 13% of patients seizure-free for 6 months of the study and 8% seizure-free for 1 year. More recent studies illustrated successful conversion to monotherapy in patients with refractory epilepsy, and its effectiveness as a single agent in partial epilepsy. LEV has also efficacy in generalized epilepsies. Adverse effects of LEV, including somnolence, lethargy, and dizziness, are generally mild and their occurrence rate seems to be not significantly different from that observed in placebo groups. LEV also has no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions with other AEDs, or with commonly prescribed medications. The combination of effective antiepileptic properties with a relatively mild adverse effect profile makes LEV an attractive therapy for partial seizures.Keywords: levetiracetam, partial epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs Antonio GambardellaAngelo LabateEleonora ColosimoRoberta AmbrosioAldo QuattroneDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2008, Iss Issue 1, Pp 33-38 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Antonio Gambardella Angelo Labate Eleonora Colosimo Roberta Ambrosio Aldo Quattrone Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam
description	Antonio Gambardella1,2, Angelo Labate1,2, Eleonora Colosimo1, Roberta Ambrosio1, Aldo Quattrone1,21Institute of Neurology, University Magna Gr&aelig;cia, Catanzaro, Italy; 2Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, Piano Lago di Mangone, Cosenza, ItalyAbstract: Levetiracetam (LEV), the S-enantiomer of alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrollidine acetamide, is a recently licensed antiepileptic drug (AED) for adjunctive therapy of partial seizures. Its mechanism of action is uncertain but it exhibits a unique profile of anticonvulsant activity in models of chronic epilepsy. Five randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials enrolling adult or pediatric patients with refractory partial epilepsy have demonstrated the efficacy of LEV as adjunctive therapy, with a responder rate (&ge;50% reduction in seizure frequency) of 28%&ndash;45%. Long-term efficacy studies suggest retention rates of 60% after one year, with 13% of patients seizure-free for 6 months of the study and 8% seizure-free for 1 year. More recent studies illustrated successful conversion to monotherapy in patients with refractory epilepsy, and its effectiveness as a single agent in partial epilepsy. LEV has also efficacy in generalized epilepsies. Adverse effects of LEV, including somnolence, lethargy, and dizziness, are generally mild and their occurrence rate seems to be not significantly different from that observed in placebo groups. LEV also has no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions with other AEDs, or with commonly prescribed medications. The combination of effective antiepileptic properties with a relatively mild adverse effect profile makes LEV an attractive therapy for partial seizures.Keywords: levetiracetam, partial epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs
format	article
author	Antonio Gambardella Angelo Labate Eleonora Colosimo Roberta Ambrosio Aldo Quattrone
author_facet	Antonio Gambardella Angelo Labate Eleonora Colosimo Roberta Ambrosio Aldo Quattrone
author_sort	Antonio Gambardella
title	Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam
title_short	Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam
title_full	Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam
title_fullStr	Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam
title_full_unstemmed	Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam
title_sort	monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/1a7df4e371224d898411412d571ef248
work_keys_str_mv	AT antoniogambardella monotherapyforpartialepilepsyfocusonlevetiracetam AT angelolabate monotherapyforpartialepilepsyfocusonlevetiracetam AT eleonoracolosimo monotherapyforpartialepilepsyfocusonlevetiracetam AT robertaambrosio monotherapyforpartialepilepsyfocusonlevetiracetam AT aldoquattrone monotherapyforpartialepilepsyfocusonlevetiracetam
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Monotherapy for partial epilepsy: focus on levetiracetam

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