The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

Debate about what proportion of the Earth to protect often overshadows the question of how nature should be conserved and by whom. We present a systematic review and narrative synthesis of 169 publications investigating how different forms of governance influence conservation outcomes, paying partic...

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Autores principales:	Neil M. Dawson, Brendan Coolsaet, Eleanor J. Sterling, Robin Loveridge, Nicole D,. Gross-Camp, Supin Wongbusarakum, Kamaljit K. Sangha, Lea M. Scherl, Hao Phuong. Phan, Noelia Zafra-Calvo, Warren G. Lavey, Patrick Byakagaba, C. Julián Idrobo, Aude Chenet, Nathan J. Bennett, Stephanie Mansourian, Francisco J. Rosado-May
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Resilience Alliance 2021
Materias:	biodiversity conservation customary tenure environmental justice environmental stewardship equity governance human rights institutions iplc protected areas tenure security traditional ecological knowledge well-being Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1abf91120d5f4c7299b5d959b2bb7c64
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1abf91120d5f4c7299b5d959b2bb7c642021-11-15T16:40:20ZThe role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation1708-308710.5751/ES-12625-260319https://doaj.org/article/1abf91120d5f4c7299b5d959b2bb7c642021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol26/iss3/art19/https://doaj.org/toc/1708-3087Debate about what proportion of the Earth to protect often overshadows the question of how nature should be conserved and by whom. We present a systematic review and narrative synthesis of 169 publications investigating how different forms of governance influence conservation outcomes, paying particular attention to the role played by Indigenous peoples and local communities. We find a stark contrast between the outcomes produced by externally controlled conservation, and those produced by locally controlled efforts. Crucially, most studies presenting positive outcomes for both well-being and conservation come from cases where Indigenous peoples and local communities play a central role, such as when they have substantial influence over decision making or when local institutions regulating tenure form a recognized part of governance. In contrast, when interventions are controlled by external organizations and involve strategies to change local practices and supersede customary institutions, they tend to result in relatively ineffective conservation at the same time as producing negative social outcomes. Our findings suggest that equitable conservation, which empowers and supports the environmental stewardship of Indigenous peoples and local communities represents the primary pathway to effective long-term conservation of biodiversity, particularly when upheld in wider law and policy. Whether for protected areas in biodiversity hotspots or restoration of highly modified ecosystems, whether involving highly traditional or diverse and dynamic local communities, conservation can become more effective through an increased focus on governance type and quality, and fostering solutions that reinforce the role, capacity, and rights of Indigenous peoples and local communities. We detail how to enact progressive governance transitions through recommendations for conservation policy, with immediate relevance for how to achieve the next decade's conservation targets under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity.Neil M. DawsonBrendan CoolsaetEleanor J. SterlingRobin LoveridgeNicole D,. Gross-CampSupin WongbusarakumKamaljit K. SanghaLea M. ScherlHao Phuong. PhanNoelia Zafra-CalvoWarren G. LaveyPatrick ByakagabaC. Julián IdroboAude ChenetNathan J. BennettStephanie MansourianFrancisco J. Rosado-MayResilience Alliancearticlebiodiversity conservationcustomary tenureenvironmental justiceenvironmental stewardshipequitygovernancehuman rightsinstitutionsiplcprotected areastenure securitytraditional ecological knowledgewell-beingBiology (General)QH301-705.5EcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Society, Vol 26, Iss 3, p 19 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biodiversity conservation customary tenure environmental justice environmental stewardship equity governance human rights institutions iplc protected areas tenure security traditional ecological knowledge well-being Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	biodiversity conservation customary tenure environmental justice environmental stewardship equity governance human rights institutions iplc protected areas tenure security traditional ecological knowledge well-being Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5 Neil M. Dawson Brendan Coolsaet Eleanor J. Sterling Robin Loveridge Nicole D,. Gross-Camp Supin Wongbusarakum Kamaljit K. Sangha Lea M. Scherl Hao Phuong. Phan Noelia Zafra-Calvo Warren G. Lavey Patrick Byakagaba C. Julián Idrobo Aude Chenet Nathan J. Bennett Stephanie Mansourian Francisco J. Rosado-May The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation
description	Debate about what proportion of the Earth to protect often overshadows the question of how nature should be conserved and by whom. We present a systematic review and narrative synthesis of 169 publications investigating how different forms of governance influence conservation outcomes, paying particular attention to the role played by Indigenous peoples and local communities. We find a stark contrast between the outcomes produced by externally controlled conservation, and those produced by locally controlled efforts. Crucially, most studies presenting positive outcomes for both well-being and conservation come from cases where Indigenous peoples and local communities play a central role, such as when they have substantial influence over decision making or when local institutions regulating tenure form a recognized part of governance. In contrast, when interventions are controlled by external organizations and involve strategies to change local practices and supersede customary institutions, they tend to result in relatively ineffective conservation at the same time as producing negative social outcomes. Our findings suggest that equitable conservation, which empowers and supports the environmental stewardship of Indigenous peoples and local communities represents the primary pathway to effective long-term conservation of biodiversity, particularly when upheld in wider law and policy. Whether for protected areas in biodiversity hotspots or restoration of highly modified ecosystems, whether involving highly traditional or diverse and dynamic local communities, conservation can become more effective through an increased focus on governance type and quality, and fostering solutions that reinforce the role, capacity, and rights of Indigenous peoples and local communities. We detail how to enact progressive governance transitions through recommendations for conservation policy, with immediate relevance for how to achieve the next decade's conservation targets under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity.
format	article
author	Neil M. Dawson Brendan Coolsaet Eleanor J. Sterling Robin Loveridge Nicole D,. Gross-Camp Supin Wongbusarakum Kamaljit K. Sangha Lea M. Scherl Hao Phuong. Phan Noelia Zafra-Calvo Warren G. Lavey Patrick Byakagaba C. Julián Idrobo Aude Chenet Nathan J. Bennett Stephanie Mansourian Francisco J. Rosado-May
author_facet	Neil M. Dawson Brendan Coolsaet Eleanor J. Sterling Robin Loveridge Nicole D,. Gross-Camp Supin Wongbusarakum Kamaljit K. Sangha Lea M. Scherl Hao Phuong. Phan Noelia Zafra-Calvo Warren G. Lavey Patrick Byakagaba C. Julián Idrobo Aude Chenet Nathan J. Bennett Stephanie Mansourian Francisco J. Rosado-May
author_sort	Neil M. Dawson
title	The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation
title_short	The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation
title_full	The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation
title_fullStr	The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation
title_full_unstemmed	The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation
title_sort	role of indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation
publisher	Resilience Alliance
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1abf91120d5f4c7299b5d959b2bb7c64
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The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation

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