Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites

Sadia Abid,1 Bushra Uzair,1 Muhammad Bilal Khan Niazi,2 Fehmida Fasim,3 Syeda Asma Bano,4 Nazia Jamil,5 Rida Batool,5 Shamaila Sajjad6 1Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National University o...

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Autores principales:	Abid S, Uzair B, Niazi MBK, Fasim F, Bano SA, Jamil N, Batool R, Sajjad S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	microspheres antimicrobial activity nystatin candida metal oxides Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1af57c7ce41347da9492a8e8faf7447f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1af57c7ce41347da9492a8e8faf7447f2021-12-02T13:57:11ZBursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/1af57c7ce41347da9492a8e8faf7447f2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/bursting-the-virulence-traits-of-mdr-strain-of-candida-albicans-using--peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Sadia Abid,1 Bushra Uzair,1 Muhammad Bilal Khan Niazi,2 Fehmida Fasim,3 Syeda Asma Bano,4 Nazia Jamil,5 Rida Batool,5 Shamaila Sajjad6 1Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; 3Discipline of Biomedical Science, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 4Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan; 5Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan; 6Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, PakistanCorrespondence: Bushra UzairDepartment of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, New Campus, Female Block, Room No. 007, Islamabad, H-10, PakistanTel +92 33 1538 3988Fax +92 901 9815Email bushra.uzair@iiu.edu.pkIntroduction: Candida albicans is a major opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of human infections. Currently available therapeutic agents are limited for treating these fungal infections due to multidrug resistance as well as their nonbiodegradability, poor biocompatibility and toxicity. In order to battle these limitations, we have synthesized a polymeric system as microcarriers to deliver the antifungal drug. The objective of the present study was to immobilize MgO/CuO nanocomposite and nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO nanocomposites in nontoxic, nonimmunogenic, biodegradable and biocompatible sodium alginate microspheres for the first time.Materials and Methods: Nanoparticle-loaded sodium alginate microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique using calcium chloride as a cross-linker. Synthesized microspheres were characterized using standard characterization techniques and were evaluated for biological activity against MDR strain of C. albicans.Results: Characterization of microspheres by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed loading of Nys-MgO/CuO NPs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed rough spherical beads with a highly porous surface having an average size in the range of 8– 10 μm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzed its semicrystalline structure. Entrapment efficiency of Nys-MgO/CuO NPs was 80% and release kinetic study revealed sustained and prolonged release of drug in pH 5.5. Flow cytometry analysis showed yeast cell death caused by Nys-MgO/CuO MS exhibits late apoptotic features. In cytotoxicity assay 5– 14 mg of microspheres did not cause hemolysis. Microspheres reduced virulence traits of C. albicans such as germ tube and biofilm formation were compromised at concentration of 5 mg/mL. Antimicrobial assessment results revealed a pronounced inhibitory effect against C. albicans.Conclusion: The in vitro experiments have shown promising results based on good stability, Nys-MgO/CuO NP-encapsulated microspheres can be used as a prolonged controlled release system against MDR pathogenic C. albicans.Keywords: microspheres, antimicrobial activity, nystatin, Candida, metal oxidesAbid SUzair BNiazi MBKFasim FBano SAJamil NBatool RSajjad SDove Medical Pressarticlemicrospheresantimicrobial activitynystatincandidametal oxidesMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 16, Pp 1157-1174 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	microspheres antimicrobial activity nystatin candida metal oxides Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	microspheres antimicrobial activity nystatin candida metal oxides Medicine (General) R5-920 Abid S Uzair B Niazi MBK Fasim F Bano SA Jamil N Batool R Sajjad S Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites
description	Sadia Abid,1 Bushra Uzair,1 Muhammad Bilal Khan Niazi,2 Fehmida Fasim,3 Syeda Asma Bano,4 Nazia Jamil,5 Rida Batool,5 Shamaila Sajjad6 1Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; 3Discipline of Biomedical Science, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 4Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan; 5Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan; 6Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, PakistanCorrespondence: Bushra UzairDepartment of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, New Campus, Female Block, Room No. 007, Islamabad, H-10, PakistanTel +92 33 1538 3988Fax +92 901 9815Email bushra.uzair@iiu.edu.pkIntroduction: Candida albicans is a major opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of human infections. Currently available therapeutic agents are limited for treating these fungal infections due to multidrug resistance as well as their nonbiodegradability, poor biocompatibility and toxicity. In order to battle these limitations, we have synthesized a polymeric system as microcarriers to deliver the antifungal drug. The objective of the present study was to immobilize MgO/CuO nanocomposite and nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO nanocomposites in nontoxic, nonimmunogenic, biodegradable and biocompatible sodium alginate microspheres for the first time.Materials and Methods: Nanoparticle-loaded sodium alginate microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique using calcium chloride as a cross-linker. Synthesized microspheres were characterized using standard characterization techniques and were evaluated for biological activity against MDR strain of C. albicans.Results: Characterization of microspheres by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed loading of Nys-MgO/CuO NPs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed rough spherical beads with a highly porous surface having an average size in the range of 8– 10 μm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzed its semicrystalline structure. Entrapment efficiency of Nys-MgO/CuO NPs was 80% and release kinetic study revealed sustained and prolonged release of drug in pH 5.5. Flow cytometry analysis showed yeast cell death caused by Nys-MgO/CuO MS exhibits late apoptotic features. In cytotoxicity assay 5– 14 mg of microspheres did not cause hemolysis. Microspheres reduced virulence traits of C. albicans such as germ tube and biofilm formation were compromised at concentration of 5 mg/mL. Antimicrobial assessment results revealed a pronounced inhibitory effect against C. albicans.Conclusion: The in vitro experiments have shown promising results based on good stability, Nys-MgO/CuO NP-encapsulated microspheres can be used as a prolonged controlled release system against MDR pathogenic C. albicans.Keywords: microspheres, antimicrobial activity, nystatin, Candida, metal oxides
format	article
author	Abid S Uzair B Niazi MBK Fasim F Bano SA Jamil N Batool R Sajjad S
author_facet	Abid S Uzair B Niazi MBK Fasim F Bano SA Jamil N Batool R Sajjad S
author_sort	Abid S
title	Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites
title_short	Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites
title_full	Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites
title_fullStr	Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites
title_full_unstemmed	Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites
title_sort	bursting the virulence traits of mdr strain of candida albicans using sodium alginate-based microspheres containing nystatin-loaded mgo/cuo nanocomposites
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1af57c7ce41347da9492a8e8faf7447f
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Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites

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