Bioengineered Microbes for Soil Health Restoration - Present Status and Future
According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), soil health is declining over the decades and it has an adverse impact on human health as well as food security. Hence, soil health restoration is a need of the hour. It is known that microorganisms play a vital role in remediation of soi...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/1b01d601284c42f4aad600485ace365c |
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| Sumario: | According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), soil health is declining over the decades and it has an adverse impact on human health as well as food security. Hence, soil health restoration is a need of the hour. It is known that microorganisms play a vital role in remediation of soil pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons etc. However, the indigenous microbes have a limited capacity to degrade these pollutants and it will be a slow process. Genetically modified organisms (GMO) can catalyse the degradation process as their altered metabolic pathways lead to hyper secretions of various biomolecules that favours the bioremediation process. This review provides an overview on the application of bioengineered microorganisms for the restoration of soil health by degradation of various pollutants. It also sheds light on the challenges of using GMOs in environmental application as their introduction may affect the normal microbial community in soil. Since, soil health also refers to the potential for native organisms to survive; the possible changes in native microbial community with the introduction of GMOs are also discussed. Finally, the future prospects of using bioengineered microorganisms in the environmental engineering applications to make the soil fertile and healthy has been deciphered. With the alarming rates of soil health loss, the treatment of soil and soil health restoration needs to fastened to a greater pace and the combinatorial efforts unifying GMOs, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and other soil amendments will provide an effective solution to soil heath restoration ten years ahead. |
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