Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)

Integrated rice-carp farming is commonly employed on Hani terraces in China. However, the altitude within a Hani terrace can vary greatly, and thus the solutions for such a farming approach must vary with altitude. Research on common carp food sources in an integrated rice-carp farm at different alt...

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Autores principales:	Jinghui Fang, Yue Xu, Zhijuan Nie, Gangchun Xu, Zengjie Jiang, Nailin Shao, Yanni Xiao, Jianguang Fang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Integrated rice-fish farming Cyprinus carpio Food source Diversity Rice pest Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1b2b43a5277d4f13bd4dda760b7bbd5a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1b2b43a5277d4f13bd4dda760b7bbd5a2021-11-16T04:10:49ZFood sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)2352-513410.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100937https://doaj.org/article/1b2b43a5277d4f13bd4dda760b7bbd5a2022-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513421003549https://doaj.org/toc/2352-5134Integrated rice-carp farming is commonly employed on Hani terraces in China. However, the altitude within a Hani terrace can vary greatly, and thus the solutions for such a farming approach must vary with altitude. Research on common carp food sources in an integrated rice-carp farm at different altitudes helps to understand the food requirements of carp across periods and provides guidance for production. In this study, the composition of eukaryotic food sources of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) growing on Hani rice terraces at low and high altitudes (570 m and 1840 m) from May to August 2019 was surveyed by high-throughput DNA sequencing. The 18 s v4 gene sequences were amplified to provide 2243,095 valid reads and 2485 operational taxonomic units. In addition, the relative abundance of the gut contents of each food source varied by month and altitude. Chlorella, Necator, Oedogonium, Oryza and Scenedesmus were the dominant C. carpio food sources at the high altitude, while Chironomus, Gieysztoria, Scenedesmus, Oryza, and Lemna were the dominant species at the low altitude. The Lemna biomass identified in the C. carpio gut contents in the low altitude terrace decreased from 39.75% in June to 0.05% in August, while the Oryza biomass increased with time. The Oryza biomass observed in the gut contents of C. carpio growing in high and low altitude terraced fields increased with time. Rice pests, including the rice gall midge, rice bugs, nematodes, and chironomid larvae were found in the stomachs of C. carpio in the high and low altitude terraced fields. The maximum proportion of chironomid larvae in the gut contents of C. carpio in the low altitude terraces reached 39.29%, while the maximum proportion of nematodes was 5.38%. However, only chironomid larvae and nematodes were found in the gut contents of C. carpio growing in the high altitude terrace, reaching maximum proportions of 0.17% and 3.63%, respectively. Furthermore, a variety of rice pests were detected in the gut contents of C. carpio, indicating that C. carpio effectively preyed on rice pests and reduced rice diseased in the integrated rice-carp farming terraces.Jinghui FangYue XuZhijuan NieGangchun XuZengjie JiangNailin ShaoYanni XiaoJianguang FangElsevierarticleIntegrated rice-fish farmingCyprinus carpioFood sourceDiversityRice pestAquaculture. Fisheries. AnglingSH1-691ENAquaculture Reports, Vol 22, Iss , Pp 100937- (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Integrated rice-fish farming Cyprinus carpio Food source Diversity Rice pest Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691
spellingShingle	Integrated rice-fish farming Cyprinus carpio Food source Diversity Rice pest Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Jinghui Fang Yue Xu Zhijuan Nie Gangchun Xu Zengjie Jiang Nailin Shao Yanni Xiao Jianguang Fang Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)
description	Integrated rice-carp farming is commonly employed on Hani terraces in China. However, the altitude within a Hani terrace can vary greatly, and thus the solutions for such a farming approach must vary with altitude. Research on common carp food sources in an integrated rice-carp farm at different altitudes helps to understand the food requirements of carp across periods and provides guidance for production. In this study, the composition of eukaryotic food sources of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) growing on Hani rice terraces at low and high altitudes (570 m and 1840 m) from May to August 2019 was surveyed by high-throughput DNA sequencing. The 18 s v4 gene sequences were amplified to provide 2243,095 valid reads and 2485 operational taxonomic units. In addition, the relative abundance of the gut contents of each food source varied by month and altitude. Chlorella, Necator, Oedogonium, Oryza and Scenedesmus were the dominant C. carpio food sources at the high altitude, while Chironomus, Gieysztoria, Scenedesmus, Oryza, and Lemna were the dominant species at the low altitude. The Lemna biomass identified in the C. carpio gut contents in the low altitude terrace decreased from 39.75% in June to 0.05% in August, while the Oryza biomass increased with time. The Oryza biomass observed in the gut contents of C. carpio growing in high and low altitude terraced fields increased with time. Rice pests, including the rice gall midge, rice bugs, nematodes, and chironomid larvae were found in the stomachs of C. carpio in the high and low altitude terraced fields. The maximum proportion of chironomid larvae in the gut contents of C. carpio in the low altitude terraces reached 39.29%, while the maximum proportion of nematodes was 5.38%. However, only chironomid larvae and nematodes were found in the gut contents of C. carpio growing in the high altitude terrace, reaching maximum proportions of 0.17% and 3.63%, respectively. Furthermore, a variety of rice pests were detected in the gut contents of C. carpio, indicating that C. carpio effectively preyed on rice pests and reduced rice diseased in the integrated rice-carp farming terraces.
format	article
author	Jinghui Fang Yue Xu Zhijuan Nie Gangchun Xu Zengjie Jiang Nailin Shao Yanni Xiao Jianguang Fang
author_facet	Jinghui Fang Yue Xu Zhijuan Nie Gangchun Xu Zengjie Jiang Nailin Shao Yanni Xiao Jianguang Fang
author_sort	Jinghui Fang
title	Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)
title_short	Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)
title_full	Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)
title_fullStr	Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)
title_full_unstemmed	Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)
title_sort	food sources of common carp in a hani terrace integrated rice-fish system (yunnan province, china)
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/1b2b43a5277d4f13bd4dda760b7bbd5a
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Food sources of common carp in a Hani Terrace integrated rice-fish system (Yunnan Province, China)

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