Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording

Because birds are frequently detected by sound, autonomous audio recorders (called automated recording units or ARUs) are now an established tool in addition to in-person observations for monitoring the status and trends of bird populations. ARUs have been evaluated and applied during breeding seaso...

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Autores principales:	Ellie Roark, Willson Gaul
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Resilience Alliance 2021
Materias:	autonomous audio recording bird survey migration migration phenology passive acoustic monitoring point count relative abundance Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1b4ad7f9ad194985904e3c8a9458ce9f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1b4ad7f9ad194985904e3c8a9458ce9f2021-11-15T16:40:14ZMonitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording1712-6568https://doaj.org/article/1b4ad7f9ad194985904e3c8a9458ce9f2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ace-eco.org/vol16/iss1/art21/https://doaj.org/toc/1712-6568Because birds are frequently detected by sound, autonomous audio recorders (called automated recording units or ARUs) are now an established tool in addition to in-person observations for monitoring the status and trends of bird populations. ARUs have been evaluated and applied during breeding seasons, and to monitor the nocturnal flight calls of migrating birds. However, birds behave differently during migration than during the breeding season. Here we present a method for using ARUs to monitor land birds during the migration period in remote habitats. We conducted in-person point counts next to continuously recording ARUs, and compared estimates of the number of species detected and focal species relative abundance from point counts and ARUs. We used a desk-based audio bird survey method for processing audio recordings, which does not require automated species identification algorithms. We tested two methods of using extended duration ARU recording: surveying consecutive minutes and surveying randomly selected minutes. Desk-based surveys using randomly selected minutes from extended duration ARU recordings performed similarly to point counts, and better than desk-based surveys using consecutive minutes from ARU recordings. Surveying randomly selected minutes from ARUs provided estimates of relative abundance that were strongly correlated with estimates from point counts and successfully showed the increase in abundance associated with migration timing. Randomly selected minutes also provided estimates of the number of species present that were comparable to estimates from point counts. Our results suggest that ARUs are an effective way to track migration timing and intensity in remote or seasonally inaccessible habitat during spring migration. Additional testing is needed to determine the efficacy of our methods during fall migration, and at more southerly latitudes. We recommend that desk-based surveys use randomly sampled minutes from extended duration ARU recordings, rather than using consecutive minutes from recordings. Our methods can be immediately applied by researchers with the skills to conduct point counts, with no additional expertise necessary in automated species identification algorithms.Ellie RoarkWillson GaulResilience Alliancearticleautonomous audio recordingbird surveymigrationmigration phenologypassive acoustic monitoringpoint countrelative abundancePlant cultureSB1-1110Environmental sciencesGE1-350Plant ecologyQK900-989ENAvian Conservation and Ecology, Vol 16, Iss 1, p 21 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	autonomous audio recording bird survey migration migration phenology passive acoustic monitoring point count relative abundance Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	autonomous audio recording bird survey migration migration phenology passive acoustic monitoring point count relative abundance Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989 Ellie Roark Willson Gaul Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording
description	Because birds are frequently detected by sound, autonomous audio recorders (called automated recording units or ARUs) are now an established tool in addition to in-person observations for monitoring the status and trends of bird populations. ARUs have been evaluated and applied during breeding seasons, and to monitor the nocturnal flight calls of migrating birds. However, birds behave differently during migration than during the breeding season. Here we present a method for using ARUs to monitor land birds during the migration period in remote habitats. We conducted in-person point counts next to continuously recording ARUs, and compared estimates of the number of species detected and focal species relative abundance from point counts and ARUs. We used a desk-based audio bird survey method for processing audio recordings, which does not require automated species identification algorithms. We tested two methods of using extended duration ARU recording: surveying consecutive minutes and surveying randomly selected minutes. Desk-based surveys using randomly selected minutes from extended duration ARU recordings performed similarly to point counts, and better than desk-based surveys using consecutive minutes from ARU recordings. Surveying randomly selected minutes from ARUs provided estimates of relative abundance that were strongly correlated with estimates from point counts and successfully showed the increase in abundance associated with migration timing. Randomly selected minutes also provided estimates of the number of species present that were comparable to estimates from point counts. Our results suggest that ARUs are an effective way to track migration timing and intensity in remote or seasonally inaccessible habitat during spring migration. Additional testing is needed to determine the efficacy of our methods during fall migration, and at more southerly latitudes. We recommend that desk-based surveys use randomly sampled minutes from extended duration ARU recordings, rather than using consecutive minutes from recordings. Our methods can be immediately applied by researchers with the skills to conduct point counts, with no additional expertise necessary in automated species identification algorithms.
format	article
author	Ellie Roark Willson Gaul
author_facet	Ellie Roark Willson Gaul
author_sort	Ellie Roark
title	Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording
title_short	Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording
title_full	Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording
title_fullStr	Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording
title_full_unstemmed	Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording
title_sort	monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording
publisher	Resilience Alliance
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1b4ad7f9ad194985904e3c8a9458ce9f
work_keys_str_mv	AT ellieroark monitoringmigrationtiminginremotehabitatsassessingthevalueofextendeddurationaudiorecording AT willsongaul monitoringmigrationtiminginremotehabitatsassessingthevalueofextendeddurationaudiorecording
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Monitoring migration timing in remote habitats: assessing the value of extended duration audio recording

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