Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review

Abstract Epigenetics refers to nucleotide sequence-independent events, and heritable changes, including DNA methylation and histone modification (as the two main processes), contributing to the phenotypic features of the cell. Both genetics and epigenetics contribute to determining the outcome of re...

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Autores principales:	Raheleh Halabian, Valizadeh Arshad, Ali Ahmadi, Pardis Saeedi, Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi, Mohammad Reza Alivand
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Epigenetics DNA methylation Histone modifications Techniques Cytology QH573-671
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1b4cf8f29a574343ac6f6dd38dae2d49
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1b4cf8f29a574343ac6f6dd38dae2d492021-11-14T12:10:12ZLaboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review10.1186/s11658-021-00290-91425-81531689-1392https://doaj.org/article/1b4cf8f29a574343ac6f6dd38dae2d492021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-021-00290-9https://doaj.org/toc/1425-8153https://doaj.org/toc/1689-1392Abstract Epigenetics refers to nucleotide sequence-independent events, and heritable changes, including DNA methylation and histone modification (as the two main processes), contributing to the phenotypic features of the cell. Both genetics and epigenetics contribute to determining the outcome of regulatory gene expression systems. Indeed, the flexibility of epigenetic effects and stability of genetic coding lead to gene regulation complexity in response signals. Since some epigenetic changes are significant in abnormalities such as cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, the initial changes, dynamic and reversible properties, and diagnostic potential of epigenomic phenomena are subject to epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) for therapeutic aims. Based on recent studies, methodological developments are necessary to improve epigenetic research. As a result, several methods have been developed to explore epigenetic alterations at low, medium, and high scales, focusing on DNA methylation and histone modification detection. In this research field, bisulfite-, enzyme sensitivity- and antibody specificity-based techniques are used for DNA methylation, whereas histone modifications are gained based on antibody recognition. This review provides a mechanism-based understanding and comparative overview of the most common techniques for detecting the status of epigenetic effects, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, for applicable approaches from low- to high-throughput scales.Raheleh HalabianValizadeh ArshadAli AhmadiPardis SaeediSadegh Azimzadeh JamalkandiMohammad Reza AlivandBMCarticleEpigeneticsDNA methylationHistone modificationsTechniquesCytologyQH573-671ENCellular & Molecular Biology Letters, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 1-30 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Epigenetics DNA methylation Histone modifications Techniques Cytology QH573-671
spellingShingle	Epigenetics DNA methylation Histone modifications Techniques Cytology QH573-671 Raheleh Halabian Valizadeh Arshad Ali Ahmadi Pardis Saeedi Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi Mohammad Reza Alivand Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review
description	Abstract Epigenetics refers to nucleotide sequence-independent events, and heritable changes, including DNA methylation and histone modification (as the two main processes), contributing to the phenotypic features of the cell. Both genetics and epigenetics contribute to determining the outcome of regulatory gene expression systems. Indeed, the flexibility of epigenetic effects and stability of genetic coding lead to gene regulation complexity in response signals. Since some epigenetic changes are significant in abnormalities such as cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, the initial changes, dynamic and reversible properties, and diagnostic potential of epigenomic phenomena are subject to epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) for therapeutic aims. Based on recent studies, methodological developments are necessary to improve epigenetic research. As a result, several methods have been developed to explore epigenetic alterations at low, medium, and high scales, focusing on DNA methylation and histone modification detection. In this research field, bisulfite-, enzyme sensitivity- and antibody specificity-based techniques are used for DNA methylation, whereas histone modifications are gained based on antibody recognition. This review provides a mechanism-based understanding and comparative overview of the most common techniques for detecting the status of epigenetic effects, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, for applicable approaches from low- to high-throughput scales.
format	article
author	Raheleh Halabian Valizadeh Arshad Ali Ahmadi Pardis Saeedi Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi Mohammad Reza Alivand
author_facet	Raheleh Halabian Valizadeh Arshad Ali Ahmadi Pardis Saeedi Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi Mohammad Reza Alivand
author_sort	Raheleh Halabian
title	Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review
title_short	Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review
title_full	Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review
title_fullStr	Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review
title_full_unstemmed	Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review
title_sort	laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1b4cf8f29a574343ac6f6dd38dae2d49
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Laboratory methods to decipher epigenetic signatures: a comparative review

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