New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory

Abstract The Nördlinger Ries and the Steinheim Basin are widely perceived as a Middle Miocene impact crater doublet. We discovered two independent earthquake-produced seismite horizons in North Alpine Foreland Basin deposits potentially related to both impacts. The older seismite horizon, demonstrat...

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Autores principales:	Elmar Buchner, Volker J. Sach, Martin Schmieder
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1b581bf5afa04ebcb5c98560b1401005
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1b581bf5afa04ebcb5c98560b14010052021-12-02T13:34:01ZNew discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory10.1038/s41598-020-79032-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1b581bf5afa04ebcb5c98560b14010052020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79032-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The Nördlinger Ries and the Steinheim Basin are widely perceived as a Middle Miocene impact crater doublet. We discovered two independent earthquake-produced seismite horizons in North Alpine Foreland Basin deposits potentially related to both impacts. The older seismite horizon, demonstrated to be associated with the Ries impact, is overlain by distal impact ejecta in situ, forming a unique continental seismite-ejecta couplet within a distance of up to 180 km from the crater. The younger seismite unit, also produced by a major palaeo-earthquake, comprises clastic dikes that cut through the Ries seismite-ejecta couplet. The clastic dikes may have formed in response to the Steinheim impact, some kyr after the Ries impact, in line with paleontologic results that indicate a time gap of about 0.5 Myr between the Ries and Steinheim events. This interpretation suggests the Ries and Steinheim impacts represent two temporally separate events in Southern Germany that, thus, witnessed a double disaster in the Middle Miocene. The magnitude–distance relationship of seismite formation during large earthquakes suggests the seismic and destructive potential of impact-induced earthquakes may be underestimated.Elmar BuchnerVolker J. SachMartin SchmiederNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Elmar Buchner Volker J. Sach Martin Schmieder New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory
description	Abstract The Nördlinger Ries and the Steinheim Basin are widely perceived as a Middle Miocene impact crater doublet. We discovered two independent earthquake-produced seismite horizons in North Alpine Foreland Basin deposits potentially related to both impacts. The older seismite horizon, demonstrated to be associated with the Ries impact, is overlain by distal impact ejecta in situ, forming a unique continental seismite-ejecta couplet within a distance of up to 180 km from the crater. The younger seismite unit, also produced by a major palaeo-earthquake, comprises clastic dikes that cut through the Ries seismite-ejecta couplet. The clastic dikes may have formed in response to the Steinheim impact, some kyr after the Ries impact, in line with paleontologic results that indicate a time gap of about 0.5 Myr between the Ries and Steinheim events. This interpretation suggests the Ries and Steinheim impacts represent two temporally separate events in Southern Germany that, thus, witnessed a double disaster in the Middle Miocene. The magnitude–distance relationship of seismite formation during large earthquakes suggests the seismic and destructive potential of impact-induced earthquakes may be underestimated.
format	article
author	Elmar Buchner Volker J. Sach Martin Schmieder
author_facet	Elmar Buchner Volker J. Sach Martin Schmieder
author_sort	Elmar Buchner
title	New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory
title_short	New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory
title_full	New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory
title_fullStr	New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory
title_full_unstemmed	New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory
title_sort	new discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the ries–steinheim double-impact theory
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/1b581bf5afa04ebcb5c98560b1401005
work_keys_str_mv	AT elmarbuchner newdiscoveryoftwoseismitehorizonschallengestheriessteinheimdoubleimpacttheory AT volkerjsach newdiscoveryoftwoseismitehorizonschallengestheriessteinheimdoubleimpacttheory AT martinschmieder newdiscoveryoftwoseismitehorizonschallengestheriessteinheimdoubleimpacttheory
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New discovery of two seismite horizons challenges the Ries–Steinheim double-impact theory

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