Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing

Osteoporotic fractures are a growing issue due to the increasing incidence of osteoporosis worldwide. High reoperation rates in osteoporotic fractures call for investigation into new methods in improving fixation of osteoporotic bones. In the present study, the strength of a recently developed bone...

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Autores principales:	Philip Procter, Gry Hulsart-Billström, Antoine Alves, Michael Pujari-Palmer, David Wenner, Gerard Insley, Håkan Engqvist, Sune Larsson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	bone adhesive biomechanical model fracture healing phosphoserine calcium phosphate cement (CPC) orthobiologic Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1b6f5c0828a641bea53ca2dce773dc61
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1b6f5c0828a641bea53ca2dce773dc612021-11-08T07:00:40ZGluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing2296-418510.3389/fbioe.2021.728042https://doaj.org/article/1b6f5c0828a641bea53ca2dce773dc612021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.728042/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-4185Osteoporotic fractures are a growing issue due to the increasing incidence of osteoporosis worldwide. High reoperation rates in osteoporotic fractures call for investigation into new methods in improving fixation of osteoporotic bones. In the present study, the strength of a recently developed bone bioadhesive, OsStictm, was evaluated in vivo using a novel bone core assay in a murine animal model at 0, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days. Histology and micro-CT were obtained at all time points, and the mean peak pull-out force was assessed on days 0–28. The adhesive provided immediate fixation to the bone core. The mean peak bone core pull-out force gradually decreased from 6.09 N (σ 1.77 N) at day 0 to a minimum of 3.09 N (σ 1.08 N) at day 7, recovering to 6.37 N (σ 4.18 N) by day 28. The corresponding fibrin (Tisseel) control mean peak bone core pull-out characteristic was 0.27 N (σ 0.27 N) at day 0, with an abrupt increase from 0.37 N (σ 0.28) at day 3, 6.39 N (σ 5.09 N) at day 7, and continuing to increase to 11.34 N (σ 6.5 N) by day 28. The bone cores failed either through core pull-out or by the cancellous part of the core fracturing. Overall, the adhesive does not interrupt healing with pathological changes or rapid resorption. Initially, the adhesive bonded the bone core to the femur, and over time, the adhesive was replaced by a vascularised bone of equivalent quality and quantity to the original bone. At the 42 day time point, 70% of the adhesive in the cancellous compartment and 50% in the cortical compartment had been replaced. The adhesive outwith the bone shell was metabolized by cells that are only removing the material excess with no ectopic bone formation. It is concluded that the adhesive is not a physical and biochemical barrier as the bone heals through the adhesive and is replaced by a normal bone tissue. This adhesive composition meets many of the clinical unmet needs expressed in the literature, and may, after further preclinical assessments, have potential in the repair of bone and osteochondral fragments.Philip ProcterPhilip ProcterGry Hulsart-BillströmAntoine AlvesMichael Pujari-PalmerDavid WennerGerard InsleyGerard InsleyHåkan EngqvistSune LarssonFrontiers Media S.A.articlebone adhesivebiomechanical modelfracture healingphosphoserinecalcium phosphate cement (CPC)orthobiologicBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bone adhesive biomechanical model fracture healing phosphoserine calcium phosphate cement (CPC) orthobiologic Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	bone adhesive biomechanical model fracture healing phosphoserine calcium phosphate cement (CPC) orthobiologic Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Philip Procter Philip Procter Gry Hulsart-Billström Antoine Alves Michael Pujari-Palmer David Wenner Gerard Insley Gerard Insley Håkan Engqvist Sune Larsson Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing
description	Osteoporotic fractures are a growing issue due to the increasing incidence of osteoporosis worldwide. High reoperation rates in osteoporotic fractures call for investigation into new methods in improving fixation of osteoporotic bones. In the present study, the strength of a recently developed bone bioadhesive, OsStictm, was evaluated in vivo using a novel bone core assay in a murine animal model at 0, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days. Histology and micro-CT were obtained at all time points, and the mean peak pull-out force was assessed on days 0–28. The adhesive provided immediate fixation to the bone core. The mean peak bone core pull-out force gradually decreased from 6.09 N (σ 1.77 N) at day 0 to a minimum of 3.09 N (σ 1.08 N) at day 7, recovering to 6.37 N (σ 4.18 N) by day 28. The corresponding fibrin (Tisseel) control mean peak bone core pull-out characteristic was 0.27 N (σ 0.27 N) at day 0, with an abrupt increase from 0.37 N (σ 0.28) at day 3, 6.39 N (σ 5.09 N) at day 7, and continuing to increase to 11.34 N (σ 6.5 N) by day 28. The bone cores failed either through core pull-out or by the cancellous part of the core fracturing. Overall, the adhesive does not interrupt healing with pathological changes or rapid resorption. Initially, the adhesive bonded the bone core to the femur, and over time, the adhesive was replaced by a vascularised bone of equivalent quality and quantity to the original bone. At the 42 day time point, 70% of the adhesive in the cancellous compartment and 50% in the cortical compartment had been replaced. The adhesive outwith the bone shell was metabolized by cells that are only removing the material excess with no ectopic bone formation. It is concluded that the adhesive is not a physical and biochemical barrier as the bone heals through the adhesive and is replaced by a normal bone tissue. This adhesive composition meets many of the clinical unmet needs expressed in the literature, and may, after further preclinical assessments, have potential in the repair of bone and osteochondral fragments.
format	article
author	Philip Procter Philip Procter Gry Hulsart-Billström Antoine Alves Michael Pujari-Palmer David Wenner Gerard Insley Gerard Insley Håkan Engqvist Sune Larsson
author_facet	Philip Procter Philip Procter Gry Hulsart-Billström Antoine Alves Michael Pujari-Palmer David Wenner Gerard Insley Gerard Insley Håkan Engqvist Sune Larsson
author_sort	Philip Procter
title	Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing
title_short	Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing
title_full	Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing
title_fullStr	Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing
title_full_unstemmed	Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing
title_sort	gluing living bone using a biomimetic bioadhesive: from initial cut to final healing
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1b6f5c0828a641bea53ca2dce773dc61
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Gluing Living Bone Using a Biomimetic Bioadhesive: From Initial Cut to Final Healing

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