Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract Prior ex vivo histological postmortem studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown gray matter microstructural abnormalities, however, in vivo examination of gray matter microstructure in ASD has remained scarce due to the relative lack of non-invasive methods to assess it. The aim...

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Autores principales:	Faye McKenna, Laura Miles, Jeffrey Donaldson, F. Xavier Castellanos, Mariana Lazar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1be72a4a4469484db6f73fc72f45d2b7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1be72a4a4469484db6f73fc72f45d2b72021-12-02T16:18:05ZDiffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder10.1038/s41598-020-78486-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1be72a4a4469484db6f73fc72f45d2b72020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78486-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Prior ex vivo histological postmortem studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown gray matter microstructural abnormalities, however, in vivo examination of gray matter microstructure in ASD has remained scarce due to the relative lack of non-invasive methods to assess it. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of employing diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) to describe gray matter abnormalities in ASD in vivo. DKI data were examined for 16 male participants with a diagnosis of ASD and IQ>80 and 17 age- and IQ-matched male typically developing (TD) young adults 18–25 years old. Mean (MK), axial (AK), radial (RK) kurtosis and mean diffusivity (MD) metrics were calculated for lobar and sub-lobar regions of interest. Significantly decreased MK, RK, and MD were found in ASD compared to TD participants in the frontal and temporal lobes and several sub-lobar regions previously associated with ASD pathology. In ASD participants, decreased kurtosis in gray matter ROIs correlated with increased repetitive and restricted behaviors and poor social interaction symptoms. Decreased kurtosis in ASD may reflect a pathology associated with a less restrictive microstructural environment such as decreased neuronal density and size, atypically sized cortical columns, or limited dendritic arborizations.Faye McKennaLaura MilesJeffrey DonaldsonF. Xavier CastellanosMariana LazarNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Faye McKenna Laura Miles Jeffrey Donaldson F. Xavier Castellanos Mariana Lazar Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
description	Abstract Prior ex vivo histological postmortem studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shown gray matter microstructural abnormalities, however, in vivo examination of gray matter microstructure in ASD has remained scarce due to the relative lack of non-invasive methods to assess it. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of employing diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) to describe gray matter abnormalities in ASD in vivo. DKI data were examined for 16 male participants with a diagnosis of ASD and IQ>80 and 17 age- and IQ-matched male typically developing (TD) young adults 18–25 years old. Mean (MK), axial (AK), radial (RK) kurtosis and mean diffusivity (MD) metrics were calculated for lobar and sub-lobar regions of interest. Significantly decreased MK, RK, and MD were found in ASD compared to TD participants in the frontal and temporal lobes and several sub-lobar regions previously associated with ASD pathology. In ASD participants, decreased kurtosis in gray matter ROIs correlated with increased repetitive and restricted behaviors and poor social interaction symptoms. Decreased kurtosis in ASD may reflect a pathology associated with a less restrictive microstructural environment such as decreased neuronal density and size, atypically sized cortical columns, or limited dendritic arborizations.
format	article
author	Faye McKenna Laura Miles Jeffrey Donaldson F. Xavier Castellanos Mariana Lazar
author_facet	Faye McKenna Laura Miles Jeffrey Donaldson F. Xavier Castellanos Mariana Lazar
author_sort	Faye McKenna
title	Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
title_short	Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
title_full	Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
title_fullStr	Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
title_full_unstemmed	Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
title_sort	diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/1be72a4a4469484db6f73fc72f45d2b7
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Diffusion kurtosis imaging of gray matter in young adults with autism spectrum disorder

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