Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA

Gabapentin (Neurontin) is an anti-epileptic drug that has had wide off-label prescription use since market release due to presumed negligible abuse potential. However, trends in drug misuse have demonstrated that gabapentin misuse is occurring, particularly in those with a history of opioid misuse....

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Sarah B. Riley, Kelsie Garbutt, Chelsea Crow, T. Scott Isbell, Anthony J. Scalzo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2021
Materias:	forensic toxicology clinical toxicology substance misuse gabapentin urine drug screening postmortem mass spectrometry Criminal law and procedure K5000-5582 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c10103857504a05933553d5326b604f
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:1c10103857504a05933553d5326b604f
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c10103857504a05933553d5326b604f2021-12-01T14:40:59ZGabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA2096-17902471-141110.1080/20961790.2021.1991075https://doaj.org/article/1c10103857504a05933553d5326b604f2021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20961790.2021.1991075https://doaj.org/toc/2096-1790https://doaj.org/toc/2471-1411Gabapentin (Neurontin) is an anti-epileptic drug that has had wide off-label prescription use since market release due to presumed negligible abuse potential. However, trends in drug misuse have demonstrated that gabapentin misuse is occurring, particularly in those with a history of opioid misuse. This is concerning, because although gabapentin has no direct ligand activity at opioid receptors, it does potentiate the analgesic effect of opioids, and concurrent use of gabapentin and opioids may increase the risk of respiratory depressive effects of opioids. This study investigates the incidence of gabapentin detected in urine samples collected for clinical drug screening purposes in a local hospital emergency department and in postmortem samples submitted by medical examiners in the St. Louis metropolitan area. The prevalence of gabapentin and co-detected drugs in both populations is contrasted, compared, and discussed. This study found that 30% of urine samples collected from patients with suspected drug intoxication presenting to SSM Health Saint Louis University Hospital, a quaternary care medical center, were positive for gabapentin, and nearly two thirds of those were also positive for oxycodone. Over a 6-month period, the incidence of gabapentin positive postmortem cases increased from 18% to 20%. Nearly all gabapentin positive postmortem cases were also positive for an opioid, the most significant being fentanyl, suggesting that gabapentin misuse may be due to its potentiating effect of opioid drug action. This study also highlights the limited utility of immunoassay-based urine drug screens.Sarah B. RileyKelsie GarbuttChelsea CrowT. Scott IsbellAnthony J. ScalzoTaylor & Francis Grouparticleforensic toxicologyclinical toxicologysubstance misusegabapentinurine drug screeningpostmortemmass spectrometryCriminal law and procedureK5000-5582Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENForensic Sciences Research, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 218-223 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	forensic toxicology clinical toxicology substance misuse gabapentin urine drug screening postmortem mass spectrometry Criminal law and procedure K5000-5582 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	forensic toxicology clinical toxicology substance misuse gabapentin urine drug screening postmortem mass spectrometry Criminal law and procedure K5000-5582 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sarah B. Riley Kelsie Garbutt Chelsea Crow T. Scott Isbell Anthony J. Scalzo Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
description	Gabapentin (Neurontin) is an anti-epileptic drug that has had wide off-label prescription use since market release due to presumed negligible abuse potential. However, trends in drug misuse have demonstrated that gabapentin misuse is occurring, particularly in those with a history of opioid misuse. This is concerning, because although gabapentin has no direct ligand activity at opioid receptors, it does potentiate the analgesic effect of opioids, and concurrent use of gabapentin and opioids may increase the risk of respiratory depressive effects of opioids. This study investigates the incidence of gabapentin detected in urine samples collected for clinical drug screening purposes in a local hospital emergency department and in postmortem samples submitted by medical examiners in the St. Louis metropolitan area. The prevalence of gabapentin and co-detected drugs in both populations is contrasted, compared, and discussed. This study found that 30% of urine samples collected from patients with suspected drug intoxication presenting to SSM Health Saint Louis University Hospital, a quaternary care medical center, were positive for gabapentin, and nearly two thirds of those were also positive for oxycodone. Over a 6-month period, the incidence of gabapentin positive postmortem cases increased from 18% to 20%. Nearly all gabapentin positive postmortem cases were also positive for an opioid, the most significant being fentanyl, suggesting that gabapentin misuse may be due to its potentiating effect of opioid drug action. This study also highlights the limited utility of immunoassay-based urine drug screens.
format	article
author	Sarah B. Riley Kelsie Garbutt Chelsea Crow T. Scott Isbell Anthony J. Scalzo
author_facet	Sarah B. Riley Kelsie Garbutt Chelsea Crow T. Scott Isbell Anthony J. Scalzo
author_sort	Sarah B. Riley
title	Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
title_short	Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
title_full	Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
title_fullStr	Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
title_full_unstemmed	Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
title_sort	gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in st. louis, missouri, usa
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c10103857504a05933553d5326b604f
work_keys_str_mv	AT sarahbriley gabapentinprevalenceclinicalandforensicexperienceinstlouismissouriusa AT kelsiegarbutt gabapentinprevalenceclinicalandforensicexperienceinstlouismissouriusa AT chelseacrow gabapentinprevalenceclinicalandforensicexperienceinstlouismissouriusa AT tscottisbell gabapentinprevalenceclinicalandforensicexperienceinstlouismissouriusa AT anthonyjscalzo gabapentinprevalenceclinicalandforensicexperienceinstlouismissouriusa
_version_	1718404979722551296

Gabapentin prevalence: clinical and forensic experience in St. Louis, Missouri, USA

Ejemplares similares