Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.

B1 cells, a subset of B lymphocytes whose developmental origin, phenotype, and function differ from that of conventional B2 cells, are the main source of "natural" IgM but can also respond to infection by rapidly producing pathogen-specific IgM directed against T-independent antigens. Fran...

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Autores principales:	Carlos Henrique D Barbosa, Louis Lantier, Joseph Reynolds, Jinyong Wang, Fabio Re
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c16c07a07a8426e9be53e63c524c905
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c16c07a07a8426e9be53e63c524c9052021-12-02T20:00:15ZCritical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1009905https://doaj.org/article/1c16c07a07a8426e9be53e63c524c9052021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009905https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374B1 cells, a subset of B lymphocytes whose developmental origin, phenotype, and function differ from that of conventional B2 cells, are the main source of "natural" IgM but can also respond to infection by rapidly producing pathogen-specific IgM directed against T-independent antigens. Francisella tularensis (Ft) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes tularemia. Infection with Ft Live Vaccine Strain activates B1 cells for production of IgM directed against the bacterial LPS in a process incompletely understood. Here we show that immunization with purified Ft LPS elicits production of LPS-specific IgM and IgG3 by B1 cells independently of TLR2 or MyD88. Immunization, but not infection, generated peritoneum-resident memory B1 cells that differentiated into LPS-specific antibody secreting cells (ASC) upon secondary challenge. IL-5 was rapidly induced by immunization with Ft LPS and was required for production of LPS-specific IgM. Antibody-mediated depletion of ILC2 indicated that these cells were the source of IL-5 and were required for IgM production. IL-25, an alarmin that strongly activates ILC2, was rapidly secreted in response to immunization or infection and its administration to mice significantly increased IgM production and B1 cell differentiation to ASC. Conversely, mice lacking IL-17RB, the IL-25 receptor, showed impaired IL-5 induction, IgM production, and B1 ASC differentiation in response to immunization. Administration of IL-5 to Il17rb-/- mice rescued these B1 cells-mediated responses. Il17rb-/- mice were more susceptible to infection with Ft LVS and failed to develop immunity upon secondary challenge suggesting that LPS-specific IgM is one of the protective adaptive immune mechanisms against tularemia. Our results indicated that immunization with Ft LPS triggers production of IL-25 that, through stimulation of IL-5 release by ILC2, promotes B1 cells activation and differentiation into IgM secreting cells. By revealing the existence of an IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis our results suggest novel strategies to improve vaccination against T-independent bacterial antigens.Carlos Henrique D BarbosaLouis LantierJoseph ReynoldsJinyong WangFabio RePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 8, p e1009905 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Carlos Henrique D Barbosa Louis Lantier Joseph Reynolds Jinyong Wang Fabio Re Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.
description	B1 cells, a subset of B lymphocytes whose developmental origin, phenotype, and function differ from that of conventional B2 cells, are the main source of "natural" IgM but can also respond to infection by rapidly producing pathogen-specific IgM directed against T-independent antigens. Francisella tularensis (Ft) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes tularemia. Infection with Ft Live Vaccine Strain activates B1 cells for production of IgM directed against the bacterial LPS in a process incompletely understood. Here we show that immunization with purified Ft LPS elicits production of LPS-specific IgM and IgG3 by B1 cells independently of TLR2 or MyD88. Immunization, but not infection, generated peritoneum-resident memory B1 cells that differentiated into LPS-specific antibody secreting cells (ASC) upon secondary challenge. IL-5 was rapidly induced by immunization with Ft LPS and was required for production of LPS-specific IgM. Antibody-mediated depletion of ILC2 indicated that these cells were the source of IL-5 and were required for IgM production. IL-25, an alarmin that strongly activates ILC2, was rapidly secreted in response to immunization or infection and its administration to mice significantly increased IgM production and B1 cell differentiation to ASC. Conversely, mice lacking IL-17RB, the IL-25 receptor, showed impaired IL-5 induction, IgM production, and B1 ASC differentiation in response to immunization. Administration of IL-5 to Il17rb-/- mice rescued these B1 cells-mediated responses. Il17rb-/- mice were more susceptible to infection with Ft LVS and failed to develop immunity upon secondary challenge suggesting that LPS-specific IgM is one of the protective adaptive immune mechanisms against tularemia. Our results indicated that immunization with Ft LPS triggers production of IL-25 that, through stimulation of IL-5 release by ILC2, promotes B1 cells activation and differentiation into IgM secreting cells. By revealing the existence of an IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis our results suggest novel strategies to improve vaccination against T-independent bacterial antigens.
format	article
author	Carlos Henrique D Barbosa Louis Lantier Joseph Reynolds Jinyong Wang Fabio Re
author_facet	Carlos Henrique D Barbosa Louis Lantier Joseph Reynolds Jinyong Wang Fabio Re
author_sort	Carlos Henrique D Barbosa
title	Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.
title_short	Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.
title_full	Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.
title_fullStr	Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.
title_full_unstemmed	Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.
title_sort	critical role of il-25-ilc2-il-5 axis in the production of anti-francisella lps igm by b1 b cells.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c16c07a07a8426e9be53e63c524c905
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Critical role of IL-25-ILC2-IL-5 axis in the production of anti-Francisella LPS IgM by B1 B cells.

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