Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy

Carolina Ciacci,1 Mario Gagliardi,1 Monica Siniscalchi,1 Monica Ruotolo,1 Antonella Santonicola,1 Najla Hajji,1 Fabiana Zingone2 1Celiac Center at Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; 2Gastroenterology Unit, Department of S...

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Autores principales:	Ciacci C, Gagliardi M, Siniscalchi M, Ruotolo M, Santonicola A, Hajji N, Zingone F
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	gip poct gluten contamination gfd anxiety burden celiac disease Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c216ffca0044d71bcdbd9a51dee9c7c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c216ffca0044d71bcdbd9a51dee9c7c2021-11-16T18:47:51ZGluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy1178-7023https://doaj.org/article/1c216ffca0044d71bcdbd9a51dee9c7c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/gluten-immunogenic-peptides-gip-point-of-care-urine-test-in-coeliac-di-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CEGhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7023Carolina Ciacci,1 Mario Gagliardi,1 Monica Siniscalchi,1 Monica Ruotolo,1 Antonella Santonicola,1 Najla Hajji,1 Fabiana Zingone2 1Celiac Center at Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; 2Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, ItalyCorrespondence: Carolina CiacciCeliac Center at Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, 84081, ItalyEmail cciacci@unisa.itIntroduction: Celiac disease (CeD) diagnosis has worldwide shared protocols. Conversely, follow-up of patients is still an object of study. Gluten immunogenic peptide detection in the urine (GIP) appears to be a new and efficient method for dietary gluten control of patients. The present study aims to assess the clinical usefulness of the GIP point-of-care urine test in the follow-up of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with CeD before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy.Methods: Thirty adult CeD patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) were enrolled before and during the COVID-19 lockdown through follow-up visits or remote consultation. Patients underwent anthropometrical evaluation, dietetic interview, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Then, two groups were formed: symptomatic and worried about gluten contamination. Each patient received 5 GIP point-of-care tests to perform a maximum of 5 times in the following 5 weeks in case of symptoms or anxiety state due to hypothesized gluten contamination.Results: Sixteen symptomatic patients and 14 patients with concerns related to gluten contamination were included. There were no differences in age, BMI, compliance to GFD and GIP positive tests between the two groups. Worried group showed a borderline higher level of anxiety than symptomatic group (p = 0.06), with a significant minor percentage of patients reporting “no or low anxiety” (14.3% vs 50% p = 0.03). The symptomatic patients showed a higher rate of diarrhea than worried group (25% vs 0%, p = 0.04). Gluten in urine samples was globally found in 8 out of 30 cases (26.6%).Conclusion: The GIP test is a tool that can be used as a point of care test to assess adequate compliance with GFD and reassure symptomatic CeD patients from the feeling of anxiety for gluten contamination, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: GIP, POCT gluten contamination, GFD, anxiety, burden, celiac diseaseCiacci CGagliardi MSiniscalchi MRuotolo MSantonicola AHajji NZingone FDove Medical Pressarticlegippoct gluten contaminationgfdanxietyburdenceliac diseaseDiseases of the digestive system. GastroenterologyRC799-869ENClinical and Experimental Gastroenterology, Vol Volume 14, Pp 451-456 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gip poct gluten contamination gfd anxiety burden celiac disease Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
spellingShingle	gip poct gluten contamination gfd anxiety burden celiac disease Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869 Ciacci C Gagliardi M Siniscalchi M Ruotolo M Santonicola A Hajji N Zingone F Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy
description	Carolina Ciacci,1 Mario Gagliardi,1 Monica Siniscalchi,1 Monica Ruotolo,1 Antonella Santonicola,1 Najla Hajji,1 Fabiana Zingone2 1Celiac Center at Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; 2Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, ItalyCorrespondence: Carolina CiacciCeliac Center at Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, 84081, ItalyEmail cciacci@unisa.itIntroduction: Celiac disease (CeD) diagnosis has worldwide shared protocols. Conversely, follow-up of patients is still an object of study. Gluten immunogenic peptide detection in the urine (GIP) appears to be a new and efficient method for dietary gluten control of patients. The present study aims to assess the clinical usefulness of the GIP point-of-care urine test in the follow-up of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with CeD before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy.Methods: Thirty adult CeD patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) were enrolled before and during the COVID-19 lockdown through follow-up visits or remote consultation. Patients underwent anthropometrical evaluation, dietetic interview, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Then, two groups were formed: symptomatic and worried about gluten contamination. Each patient received 5 GIP point-of-care tests to perform a maximum of 5 times in the following 5 weeks in case of symptoms or anxiety state due to hypothesized gluten contamination.Results: Sixteen symptomatic patients and 14 patients with concerns related to gluten contamination were included. There were no differences in age, BMI, compliance to GFD and GIP positive tests between the two groups. Worried group showed a borderline higher level of anxiety than symptomatic group (p = 0.06), with a significant minor percentage of patients reporting “no or low anxiety” (14.3% vs 50% p = 0.03). The symptomatic patients showed a higher rate of diarrhea than worried group (25% vs 0%, p = 0.04). Gluten in urine samples was globally found in 8 out of 30 cases (26.6%).Conclusion: The GIP test is a tool that can be used as a point of care test to assess adequate compliance with GFD and reassure symptomatic CeD patients from the feeling of anxiety for gluten contamination, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: GIP, POCT gluten contamination, GFD, anxiety, burden, celiac disease
format	article
author	Ciacci C Gagliardi M Siniscalchi M Ruotolo M Santonicola A Hajji N Zingone F
author_facet	Ciacci C Gagliardi M Siniscalchi M Ruotolo M Santonicola A Hajji N Zingone F
author_sort	Ciacci C
title	Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy
title_short	Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy
title_full	Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy
title_fullStr	Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy
title_full_unstemmed	Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy
title_sort	gluten immunogenic peptides (gip) point-of-care urine test in coeliac disease follow-up before and during the covid-19 lockdown in italy
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c216ffca0044d71bcdbd9a51dee9c7c
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Gluten Immunogenic Peptides (GIP) Point-of-Care Urine Test in Coeliac Disease Follow-up before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy

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