Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence

ABSTRACT When trying to reconstruct the evolutionary trajectories during early eukaryogenesis, one is struck by clear differences in the developments of two organelles of endosymbiotic origin: the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. From a symbiogenic perspective, eukaryotic development can be interp...

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Autores principales:	Dave Speijer, Michael Hammond, Julius Lukeš
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	chloroplast eukaryogenesis mitochondria reactive oxygen species Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c3edba505ec41fd97d19580f2236c98
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c3edba505ec41fd97d19580f2236c982021-11-15T15:56:47ZComparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence10.1128/mBio.00955-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/1c3edba505ec41fd97d19580f2236c982020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00955-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT When trying to reconstruct the evolutionary trajectories during early eukaryogenesis, one is struck by clear differences in the developments of two organelles of endosymbiotic origin: the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. From a symbiogenic perspective, eukaryotic development can be interpreted as a process in which many of the defining eukaryotic characteristics arose as a result of mutual adaptions of both prokaryotes (an archaeon and a bacterium) involved. This implies that many steps during the bacterium-to-mitochondrion transition trajectory occurred in an intense period of dramatic and rapid changes. In contrast, the subsequent cyanobacterium-to-chloroplast development in a specific eukaryotic subgroup, leading to the photosynthetic lineages, occurred in a full-fledged eukaryote. The commonalities and differences in the two trajectories shed an interesting light on early, and ongoing, eukaryotic evolutionary driving forces, especially endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Differences between organellar ribosomes, changes to the electron transport chain (ETC) components, and mitochondrial codon reassignments in nonplant mitochondria can be understood when mitochondrial ROS formation, e.g., during high energy consumption in heterotrophs, is taken into account. IMPORTANCE The early eukaryotic evolution was deeply influenced by the acquisition of two endosymbiotic organelles - the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. Here we discuss the possibly important role of reactive oxygen species in these processes.Dave SpeijerMichael HammondJulius LukešAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlechloroplasteukaryogenesismitochondriareactive oxygen speciesMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 3 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chloroplast eukaryogenesis mitochondria reactive oxygen species Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	chloroplast eukaryogenesis mitochondria reactive oxygen species Microbiology QR1-502 Dave Speijer Michael Hammond Julius Lukeš Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence
description	ABSTRACT When trying to reconstruct the evolutionary trajectories during early eukaryogenesis, one is struck by clear differences in the developments of two organelles of endosymbiotic origin: the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. From a symbiogenic perspective, eukaryotic development can be interpreted as a process in which many of the defining eukaryotic characteristics arose as a result of mutual adaptions of both prokaryotes (an archaeon and a bacterium) involved. This implies that many steps during the bacterium-to-mitochondrion transition trajectory occurred in an intense period of dramatic and rapid changes. In contrast, the subsequent cyanobacterium-to-chloroplast development in a specific eukaryotic subgroup, leading to the photosynthetic lineages, occurred in a full-fledged eukaryote. The commonalities and differences in the two trajectories shed an interesting light on early, and ongoing, eukaryotic evolutionary driving forces, especially endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Differences between organellar ribosomes, changes to the electron transport chain (ETC) components, and mitochondrial codon reassignments in nonplant mitochondria can be understood when mitochondrial ROS formation, e.g., during high energy consumption in heterotrophs, is taken into account. IMPORTANCE The early eukaryotic evolution was deeply influenced by the acquisition of two endosymbiotic organelles - the mitochondrion and the chloroplast. Here we discuss the possibly important role of reactive oxygen species in these processes.
format	article
author	Dave Speijer Michael Hammond Julius Lukeš
author_facet	Dave Speijer Michael Hammond Julius Lukeš
author_sort	Dave Speijer
title	Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence
title_short	Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence
title_full	Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence
title_fullStr	Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence
title_full_unstemmed	Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence
title_sort	comparing early eukaryotic integration of mitochondria and chloroplasts in the light of internal ros challenges: timing is of the essence
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c3edba505ec41fd97d19580f2236c98
work_keys_str_mv	AT davespeijer comparingearlyeukaryoticintegrationofmitochondriaandchloroplastsinthelightofinternalroschallengestimingisoftheessence AT michaelhammond comparingearlyeukaryoticintegrationofmitochondriaandchloroplastsinthelightofinternalroschallengestimingisoftheessence AT juliuslukes comparingearlyeukaryoticintegrationofmitochondriaandchloroplastsinthelightofinternalroschallengestimingisoftheessence
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Comparing Early Eukaryotic Integration of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in the Light of Internal ROS Challenges: Timing is of the Essence

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