Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng

Ragavendran Abbai,1,* Ramya Mathiyalagan,1,* Josua Markus,1 Yeon-Ju Kim,2 Chao Wang,2 Priyanka Singh,2 Sungeun Ahn,2 Mohamed El-Agamy Farh,2 Deok Chun Yang1,2 1Ginseng Bank, Graduate School of Biotechnology, 2Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee Univer...

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Autores principales:	Abbai R, Mathiyalagan R, Markus J, Kim YJ, Wang C, Singh P, Ahn S, Farh ME, Yang DC
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	Siberian ginseng Eleutheroside E Eleutheroside A Green synthesis cytotoxicity anti-bacterial activity anti-oxidant efficacy Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c557b0b34664c599c3ac28cfb5fa433
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c557b0b34664c599c3ac28cfb5fa4332021-12-02T05:38:27ZGreen synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/1c557b0b34664c599c3ac28cfb5fa4332016-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/green-synthesis-of-multifunctional-silver-and-gold-nanoparticles-from--peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Ragavendran Abbai,1,* Ramya Mathiyalagan,1,* Josua Markus,1 Yeon-Ju Kim,2 Chao Wang,2 Priyanka Singh,2 Sungeun Ahn,2 Mohamed El-Agamy Farh,2 Deok Chun Yang1,2 1Ginseng Bank, Graduate School of Biotechnology, 2Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Pharmacologically active stem of the oriental herbal adaptogen, Siberian ginseng, was employed for the ecofriendly synthesis of Siberian ginseng silver nanoparticles (Sg-AgNPs) and Siberian ginseng gold nanoparticles (Sg-AuNPs). First, for metabolic characterization of the sample, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis (indicated the presence of eleutherosides A and E), total phenol content, and total reducing sugar were analyzed. Second, the water extract of the sample mediated the biological synthesis of both Sg-AgNPs and Sg-AuNPs that were crystalline face-centered cubical structures with a Z-average hydrodynamic diameter of 126 and 189 nm, respectively. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that proteins and aromatic hydrocarbons play a key role in the formation and stabilization of Sg-AgNPs, whereas phenolic compounds accounted for the synthesis and stability of Sg-AuNPs. 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay determined that Sg-AgNPs conferred strong cytotoxicity against MCF7 (human breast cancer cell line) and was only slightly toxic to HaCaT (human keratinocyte cell line) at 10 µg·mL-1. However, Sg-AuNPs did not display cytotoxic effects against both of the cell lines. The disc diffusion assay indicated a dose-dependent increase in the zone of inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Bacillus anthracis (NCTC 10340), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 33844), and Escherichia coli (BL21) treated with Sg-AgNPs, whereas Sg-AuNPs did not show inhibitory activity. In addition, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay demonstrated that both Sg-AgNPs and Sg-AuNPs possess strong antioxidant activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report unraveling the potential of Eleutherococcus senticosus for silver and gold nanoparticle synthesis along with its biological applications, which in turn would promote widespread usage of the endemic Siberian ginseng. Keywords: Siberian ginseng, eleutheroside E, eleutheroside A, green synthesis, cytotoxicity, antibacterial activity, antioxidant efficacyAbbai RMathiyalagan RMarkus JKim YJWang CSingh PAhn SFarh MEYang DCDove Medical PressarticleSiberian ginsengEleutheroside EEleutheroside AGreen synthesiscytotoxicityanti-bacterial activityanti-oxidant efficacyMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2016, Iss default, Pp 3131-3143 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Siberian ginseng Eleutheroside E Eleutheroside A Green synthesis cytotoxicity anti-bacterial activity anti-oxidant efficacy Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Siberian ginseng Eleutheroside E Eleutheroside A Green synthesis cytotoxicity anti-bacterial activity anti-oxidant efficacy Medicine (General) R5-920 Abbai R Mathiyalagan R Markus J Kim YJ Wang C Singh P Ahn S Farh ME Yang DC Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng
description	Ragavendran Abbai,1,* Ramya Mathiyalagan,1,* Josua Markus,1 Yeon-Ju Kim,2 Chao Wang,2 Priyanka Singh,2 Sungeun Ahn,2 Mohamed El-Agamy Farh,2 Deok Chun Yang1,2 1Ginseng Bank, Graduate School of Biotechnology, 2Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Pharmacologically active stem of the oriental herbal adaptogen, Siberian ginseng, was employed for the ecofriendly synthesis of Siberian ginseng silver nanoparticles (Sg-AgNPs) and Siberian ginseng gold nanoparticles (Sg-AuNPs). First, for metabolic characterization of the sample, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis (indicated the presence of eleutherosides A and E), total phenol content, and total reducing sugar were analyzed. Second, the water extract of the sample mediated the biological synthesis of both Sg-AgNPs and Sg-AuNPs that were crystalline face-centered cubical structures with a Z-average hydrodynamic diameter of 126 and 189 nm, respectively. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that proteins and aromatic hydrocarbons play a key role in the formation and stabilization of Sg-AgNPs, whereas phenolic compounds accounted for the synthesis and stability of Sg-AuNPs. 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay determined that Sg-AgNPs conferred strong cytotoxicity against MCF7 (human breast cancer cell line) and was only slightly toxic to HaCaT (human keratinocyte cell line) at 10 µg·mL-1. However, Sg-AuNPs did not display cytotoxic effects against both of the cell lines. The disc diffusion assay indicated a dose-dependent increase in the zone of inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Bacillus anthracis (NCTC 10340), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 33844), and Escherichia coli (BL21) treated with Sg-AgNPs, whereas Sg-AuNPs did not show inhibitory activity. In addition, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay demonstrated that both Sg-AgNPs and Sg-AuNPs possess strong antioxidant activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report unraveling the potential of Eleutherococcus senticosus for silver and gold nanoparticle synthesis along with its biological applications, which in turn would promote widespread usage of the endemic Siberian ginseng. Keywords: Siberian ginseng, eleutheroside E, eleutheroside A, green synthesis, cytotoxicity, antibacterial activity, antioxidant efficacy
format	article
author	Abbai R Mathiyalagan R Markus J Kim YJ Wang C Singh P Ahn S Farh ME Yang DC
author_facet	Abbai R Mathiyalagan R Markus J Kim YJ Wang C Singh P Ahn S Farh ME Yang DC
author_sort	Abbai R
title	Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng
title_short	Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng
title_full	Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng
title_fullStr	Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng
title_full_unstemmed	Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng
title_sort	green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: siberian ginseng
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c557b0b34664c599c3ac28cfb5fa433
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Green synthesis of multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles from the oriental herbal adaptogen: Siberian ginseng

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