Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous Paeonia lactiflora and Poria cocos Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway

Paeonia lactiflora Pallas (PL) and Poria cocos Wolf (PC) have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases reported in Dongui Bogam and Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing, traditional medical books in Korean and China, respectively. We determined the efficacies an...

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Autores principales:	Ting Zhang, Shihua Cao, Heng Yuan, Sunmin Park
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	androgenic alopecia testosterone <i>Paeonia lactiflora pall</i> <i>Poria cocos</i> inflammation network pharmacology Medicine R Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c5cb92870104810a43f765f322444ca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c5cb92870104810a43f765f322444ca2021-11-25T18:39:34ZAlleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway10.3390/ph141111281424-8247https://doaj.org/article/1c5cb92870104810a43f765f322444ca2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/11/1128https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8247<i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> Pallas (PL) and <i>Poria cocos</i> Wolf (PC) have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases reported in Dongui Bogam and Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing, traditional medical books in Korean and China, respectively. We determined the efficacies and the molecular mechanisms of PL, PC, and PL + PC aqueous extracts on androgenetic alopecia (AGA) induced by testosterone propionate in C57BL/6 mice. The molecular mechanisms of PL and PC in AGA treatment were examined using experimental assays and network pharmacology. The AGA model was generated by topically applying 0.5% testosterone propionate in 70% ethanol solution to the backs of mice daily for 28 days while the normal-control (Normal-Con; no AGA induction) mice applied 70% ethanol. The 0.1% PL (AGA-PL), 0.1% PC (AGA-PC), 0.05% PL + 0.05% PC (AGA-MIX), and 0.1% cellulose (AGA-Con; control) were supplemented in a high-fat diet for 28 days in AGA-induced mice. Positive-control (AGA-Positive) were administered 2% finasteride daily on the backs of the AGA mice. Hair growth rates decreased in the order of AGA-PL, AGA-MIX, AGA-PC, AGA-Positive, and AGA-Con after 21 days of treatment (ED21). On ED28, skins were completely covered with hair in the AGA-PL and AGA-MIX groups. Serum testosterone concentrations were lower in the AGA-PL group than in the AGA-Con group and similar to concentrations in the Normal-Con group, whereas serum 17β-estradiol concentrations showed the opposite pattern with increasing aromatase mRNA expression (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the dorsal skin, DKK1 and NR3C2 mRNA expressions were significantly lower, but TGF-β2, β-Catenin, and PPARG expressions were higher in the AGA-PL and AGA-PC groups than in the AGA-Con group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions were lower in the AGA-PL, AGA-MIX, and Normal-Con groups than in the AGA-Con group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β in the dorsal skin was lower in AGA-Con than normal-Con, and PL and MIX ingestion suppressed their decrease similar to the Normal-Con. In conclusion, PL or PL + PC intake had beneficial effects on hair growth similar to Normal-Con. The promotion was related to lower serum testosterone concentrations and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and inhibition of the steroid hormone pathway, consistent with network pharmacology analysis findings.Ting ZhangShihua CaoHeng YuanSunmin ParkMDPI AGarticleandrogenic alopeciatestosterone<i>Paeonia lactiflora pall</i><i>Poria cocos</i>inflammationnetwork pharmacologyMedicineRPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 1128, p 1128 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	androgenic alopecia testosterone <i>Paeonia lactiflora pall</i> <i>Poria cocos</i> inflammation network pharmacology Medicine R Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	androgenic alopecia testosterone <i>Paeonia lactiflora pall</i> <i>Poria cocos</i> inflammation network pharmacology Medicine R Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Ting Zhang Shihua Cao Heng Yuan Sunmin Park Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway
description	<i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> Pallas (PL) and <i>Poria cocos</i> Wolf (PC) have been traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases reported in Dongui Bogam and Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing, traditional medical books in Korean and China, respectively. We determined the efficacies and the molecular mechanisms of PL, PC, and PL + PC aqueous extracts on androgenetic alopecia (AGA) induced by testosterone propionate in C57BL/6 mice. The molecular mechanisms of PL and PC in AGA treatment were examined using experimental assays and network pharmacology. The AGA model was generated by topically applying 0.5% testosterone propionate in 70% ethanol solution to the backs of mice daily for 28 days while the normal-control (Normal-Con; no AGA induction) mice applied 70% ethanol. The 0.1% PL (AGA-PL), 0.1% PC (AGA-PC), 0.05% PL + 0.05% PC (AGA-MIX), and 0.1% cellulose (AGA-Con; control) were supplemented in a high-fat diet for 28 days in AGA-induced mice. Positive-control (AGA-Positive) were administered 2% finasteride daily on the backs of the AGA mice. Hair growth rates decreased in the order of AGA-PL, AGA-MIX, AGA-PC, AGA-Positive, and AGA-Con after 21 days of treatment (ED21). On ED28, skins were completely covered with hair in the AGA-PL and AGA-MIX groups. Serum testosterone concentrations were lower in the AGA-PL group than in the AGA-Con group and similar to concentrations in the Normal-Con group, whereas serum 17β-estradiol concentrations showed the opposite pattern with increasing aromatase mRNA expression (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the dorsal skin, DKK1 and NR3C2 mRNA expressions were significantly lower, but TGF-β2, β-Catenin, and PPARG expressions were higher in the AGA-PL and AGA-PC groups than in the AGA-Con group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions were lower in the AGA-PL, AGA-MIX, and Normal-Con groups than in the AGA-Con group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β in the dorsal skin was lower in AGA-Con than normal-Con, and PL and MIX ingestion suppressed their decrease similar to the Normal-Con. In conclusion, PL or PL + PC intake had beneficial effects on hair growth similar to Normal-Con. The promotion was related to lower serum testosterone concentrations and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and inhibition of the steroid hormone pathway, consistent with network pharmacology analysis findings.
format	article
author	Ting Zhang Shihua Cao Heng Yuan Sunmin Park
author_facet	Ting Zhang Shihua Cao Heng Yuan Sunmin Park
author_sort	Ting Zhang
title	Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway
title_short	Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway
title_full	Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway
title_fullStr	Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway
title_full_unstemmed	Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway
title_sort	alleviation of androgenetic alopecia with aqueous <i>paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>poria cocos</i> extract intake through suppressing the steroid hormone and inflammatory pathway
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c5cb92870104810a43f765f322444ca
work_keys_str_mv	AT tingzhang alleviationofandrogeneticalopeciawithaqueousipaeonialactifloraiandiporiacocosiextractintakethroughsuppressingthesteroidhormoneandinflammatorypathway AT shihuacao alleviationofandrogeneticalopeciawithaqueousipaeonialactifloraiandiporiacocosiextractintakethroughsuppressingthesteroidhormoneandinflammatorypathway AT hengyuan alleviationofandrogeneticalopeciawithaqueousipaeonialactifloraiandiporiacocosiextractintakethroughsuppressingthesteroidhormoneandinflammatorypathway AT sunminpark alleviationofandrogeneticalopeciawithaqueousipaeonialactifloraiandiporiacocosiextractintakethroughsuppressingthesteroidhormoneandinflammatorypathway
_version_	1718410820764827648

Alleviation of Androgenetic Alopecia with Aqueous <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> and <i>Poria cocos</i> Extract Intake through Suppressing the Steroid Hormone and Inflammatory Pathway

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