Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

<h4>Background</h4>Ethiopia is one of the scarce African countries where Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum co-exist. There has been no attempt to derive a robust prevalence estimate of P. vivax in the country although a clear understanding of the epidemiology of this parasite is essenti...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Tsige Ketema, Ketema Bacha, Kefelegn Getahun, Hernando A Del Portillo, Quique Bassat
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c6fe6029e7149109390cc61cf4d327b
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:1c6fe6029e7149109390cc61cf4d327b
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c6fe6029e7149109390cc61cf4d327b2021-12-02T20:24:07ZPlasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009781https://doaj.org/article/1c6fe6029e7149109390cc61cf4d327b2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009781https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Ethiopia is one of the scarce African countries where Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum co-exist. There has been no attempt to derive a robust prevalence estimate of P. vivax in the country although a clear understanding of the epidemiology of this parasite is essential for informed decisions. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, is aimed to synthesize the available evidences on the distribution of P. vivax infection by different locations/regions, study years, eco-epidemiological zones, and study settings in Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>This study was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reposting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies conducted and published over the last two decades (2000 to 2020) that reported an estimate of P. vivax prevalence in Ethiopia were included. The Cochrane Q (χ2) and the I2 tests were used to assess heterogeneity, and the funnel plot and Egger's test were used to examine publication bias. A p-value of the χ2 test <0.05 and an I2 value >75% were considered presence of considerable heterogeneity. Random effect models were used to obtain pooled estimate of P. vivax infection prevalence. This study is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews): ID CRD42020201761.<h4>Results</h4>We screened 4,932 records and included 79 studies that enrolled 1,676,659 confirmed malaria cases, from which 548,214 (32.69%) were P. vivax infections and 1,116,581 (66.59%) were due to P. falciparum. The rest were due to mixed infections. The pooled estimate of P. vivax prevalence rate was 8.93% (95% CI: 7.98-9.88%) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 100%, p<0.0001). Regional differences showed significant effects (p<0.0001, and I2 = 99.4%) on the pooled prevalence of P. vivax, while study years (before and after the scaling up of interventional activities) did not show significant differences (p = 0.9, I2 = 0%). Eco-epidemiological zones considered in the analysis did show a significant statistical effect (p<0.001, I2 = 78.5%) on the overall pooled estimate prevalence. Also, the study setting showed significant differences (p = 0.001, and I2 = 90.3%) on the overall prevalence, where significant reduction of P. vivax prevalence (4.67%, 95%CI: 1.41-7.93%, p<0.0001) was observed in studies conducted at the community level. The studies included in the review demonstrated lack of publication bias qualitatively (symmetrical funnel plot) and quantitatively [Egger's test (coefficient) = -2.97, 95% CI: -15.06-9.13, p = 0.62].<h4>Conclusion</h4>The estimated prevalence of P. vivax malaria in Ethiopia was 8.93% with P. vivax prevailing in the central west region of Ethiopia, but steadily extending to the western part of the country. Its distribution across the nation varies according to geographical location, study setting and study years.Tsige KetemaKetema BachaKefelegn GetahunHernando A Del PortilloQuique BassatPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009781 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Tsige Ketema Ketema Bacha Kefelegn Getahun Hernando A Del Portillo Quique Bassat Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Ethiopia is one of the scarce African countries where Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum co-exist. There has been no attempt to derive a robust prevalence estimate of P. vivax in the country although a clear understanding of the epidemiology of this parasite is essential for informed decisions. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, is aimed to synthesize the available evidences on the distribution of P. vivax infection by different locations/regions, study years, eco-epidemiological zones, and study settings in Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>This study was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reposting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies conducted and published over the last two decades (2000 to 2020) that reported an estimate of P. vivax prevalence in Ethiopia were included. The Cochrane Q (χ2) and the I2 tests were used to assess heterogeneity, and the funnel plot and Egger's test were used to examine publication bias. A p-value of the χ2 test <0.05 and an I2 value >75% were considered presence of considerable heterogeneity. Random effect models were used to obtain pooled estimate of P. vivax infection prevalence. This study is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews): ID CRD42020201761.<h4>Results</h4>We screened 4,932 records and included 79 studies that enrolled 1,676,659 confirmed malaria cases, from which 548,214 (32.69%) were P. vivax infections and 1,116,581 (66.59%) were due to P. falciparum. The rest were due to mixed infections. The pooled estimate of P. vivax prevalence rate was 8.93% (95% CI: 7.98-9.88%) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 100%, p<0.0001). Regional differences showed significant effects (p<0.0001, and I2 = 99.4%) on the pooled prevalence of P. vivax, while study years (before and after the scaling up of interventional activities) did not show significant differences (p = 0.9, I2 = 0%). Eco-epidemiological zones considered in the analysis did show a significant statistical effect (p<0.001, I2 = 78.5%) on the overall pooled estimate prevalence. Also, the study setting showed significant differences (p = 0.001, and I2 = 90.3%) on the overall prevalence, where significant reduction of P. vivax prevalence (4.67%, 95%CI: 1.41-7.93%, p<0.0001) was observed in studies conducted at the community level. The studies included in the review demonstrated lack of publication bias qualitatively (symmetrical funnel plot) and quantitatively [Egger's test (coefficient) = -2.97, 95% CI: -15.06-9.13, p = 0.62].<h4>Conclusion</h4>The estimated prevalence of P. vivax malaria in Ethiopia was 8.93% with P. vivax prevailing in the central west region of Ethiopia, but steadily extending to the western part of the country. Its distribution across the nation varies according to geographical location, study setting and study years.
format	article
author	Tsige Ketema Ketema Bacha Kefelegn Getahun Hernando A Del Portillo Quique Bassat
author_facet	Tsige Ketema Ketema Bacha Kefelegn Getahun Hernando A Del Portillo Quique Bassat
author_sort	Tsige Ketema
title	Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_short	Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_full	Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_fullStr	Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_full_unstemmed	Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_sort	plasmodium vivax epidemiology in ethiopia 2000-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c6fe6029e7149109390cc61cf4d327b
work_keys_str_mv	AT tsigeketema plasmodiumvivaxepidemiologyinethiopia20002020asystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT ketemabacha plasmodiumvivaxepidemiologyinethiopia20002020asystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT kefelegngetahun plasmodiumvivaxepidemiologyinethiopia20002020asystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT hernandoadelportillo plasmodiumvivaxepidemiologyinethiopia20002020asystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT quiquebassat plasmodiumvivaxepidemiologyinethiopia20002020asystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
_version_	1718374036541538304

Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ejemplares similares