Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations

Abstract A field experiment employing the rice cultivars Qyou6 and Yixiangyou2115 as materials and different nitrogen application rates was conducted in Huangping County, Guizhou Province in 2019 to determine the effects of nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic pigments, leaf fluorescence char...

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Autores principales:	Jinfeng Peng, Yuehua Feng, Xiaoke Wang, Jie Li, Guiling Xu, Somsana Phonenasay, Qiangxin Luo, Zhili Han, Wei Lu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c72bc87aeed4673ad1194161c56c8e0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c72bc87aeed4673ad1194161c56c8e02021-12-02T14:37:08ZEffects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations10.1038/s41598-021-86858-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1c72bc87aeed4673ad1194161c56c8e02021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86858-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A field experiment employing the rice cultivars Qyou6 and Yixiangyou2115 as materials and different nitrogen application rates was conducted in Huangping County, Guizhou Province in 2019 to determine the effects of nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic pigments, leaf fluorescence characteristics, yield, and their interrelations in indica hybrid rice. The results showed that photosynthetic pigment contents generally increased with increasing nitrogen application rate. As the nitrogen rate increased, the maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), actual quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), and relative electron transfer rate at PSII (ETR) first decreased and then increased at the booting stage; Fv/Fm and ΦPSII decreased while ETR first increased and then decreased at the heading stage; nevertheless, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII first decreased and then increased but ETR was just the opposite at the maturity stage. Non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) and quantum yield of regulatory energy dissipation at PSII (Y(NPQ)) first increased and then decreased whereas quantum yield of non-regulatory energy dissipation at PSII (Y(NO)) first decreased and then increased at the booting, heading, and maturity stages with increasing nitrogen application rate. Photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) showed an increasing trend as the nitrogen rate increased in the range of 150–300 kg/ha at the heading and maturity stages. Photosynthetic pigments, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield and its components were significantly correlated. First, chlorophylls a and b were significantly negatively correlated with Fv/Fm while significantly positively correlated with qP at the heading stage. Secondly, Carotenoids were significantly positively correlated with the effective panicle number (EPN) at the booting stage while significantly negatively correlated with the spikelets per panicle (SPP) at the heading stage. Chlorophyll a and carotenoids were significantly positively correlated with EPN but significantly negatively correlated with spikelet filling (SF) at the maturity stage. In addition, qP was significantly negatively correlated with EPN at the booting stage. At the heading stage, Fv/Fm and Y(NO) were significantly negatively correlated with EPN and SPP, respectively, and Fv/Fm and ΦPSII were significantly positively related to SF. Moreover, qP was extremely significantly positively related to EPN whereas Fv/Fm was extremely significantly negatively correlated with grain yield at the maturity stage. Appropriate nitrogen application rates can enhance photosynthetic pigment contents, improve the photochemical efficiency and proportion of the open part of the reaction center of PSII, and promote the quantum efficiency and self-protection ability of PSII, thereby increasing photosynthetic efficiency and yield. Under the conditions adopted in this experiment, a parabolic relationship was observed between the nitrogen application rate and grain yield. The regression analysis results showed that the best nitrogen application rate of indica hybrid rice is 168.16 kg ha−1 and the highest yield is 11,804.87 kg ha−1.Jinfeng PengYuehua FengXiaoke WangJie LiGuiling XuSomsana PhonenasayQiangxin LuoZhili HanWei LuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jinfeng Peng Yuehua Feng Xiaoke Wang Jie Li Guiling Xu Somsana Phonenasay Qiangxin Luo Zhili Han Wei Lu Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations
description	Abstract A field experiment employing the rice cultivars Qyou6 and Yixiangyou2115 as materials and different nitrogen application rates was conducted in Huangping County, Guizhou Province in 2019 to determine the effects of nitrogen application rate on photosynthetic pigments, leaf fluorescence characteristics, yield, and their interrelations in indica hybrid rice. The results showed that photosynthetic pigment contents generally increased with increasing nitrogen application rate. As the nitrogen rate increased, the maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), actual quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), and relative electron transfer rate at PSII (ETR) first decreased and then increased at the booting stage; Fv/Fm and ΦPSII decreased while ETR first increased and then decreased at the heading stage; nevertheless, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII first decreased and then increased but ETR was just the opposite at the maturity stage. Non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) and quantum yield of regulatory energy dissipation at PSII (Y(NPQ)) first increased and then decreased whereas quantum yield of non-regulatory energy dissipation at PSII (Y(NO)) first decreased and then increased at the booting, heading, and maturity stages with increasing nitrogen application rate. Photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) showed an increasing trend as the nitrogen rate increased in the range of 150–300 kg/ha at the heading and maturity stages. Photosynthetic pigments, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield and its components were significantly correlated. First, chlorophylls a and b were significantly negatively correlated with Fv/Fm while significantly positively correlated with qP at the heading stage. Secondly, Carotenoids were significantly positively correlated with the effective panicle number (EPN) at the booting stage while significantly negatively correlated with the spikelets per panicle (SPP) at the heading stage. Chlorophyll a and carotenoids were significantly positively correlated with EPN but significantly negatively correlated with spikelet filling (SF) at the maturity stage. In addition, qP was significantly negatively correlated with EPN at the booting stage. At the heading stage, Fv/Fm and Y(NO) were significantly negatively correlated with EPN and SPP, respectively, and Fv/Fm and ΦPSII were significantly positively related to SF. Moreover, qP was extremely significantly positively related to EPN whereas Fv/Fm was extremely significantly negatively correlated with grain yield at the maturity stage. Appropriate nitrogen application rates can enhance photosynthetic pigment contents, improve the photochemical efficiency and proportion of the open part of the reaction center of PSII, and promote the quantum efficiency and self-protection ability of PSII, thereby increasing photosynthetic efficiency and yield. Under the conditions adopted in this experiment, a parabolic relationship was observed between the nitrogen application rate and grain yield. The regression analysis results showed that the best nitrogen application rate of indica hybrid rice is 168.16 kg ha−1 and the highest yield is 11,804.87 kg ha−1.
format	article
author	Jinfeng Peng Yuehua Feng Xiaoke Wang Jie Li Guiling Xu Somsana Phonenasay Qiangxin Luo Zhili Han Wei Lu
author_facet	Jinfeng Peng Yuehua Feng Xiaoke Wang Jie Li Guiling Xu Somsana Phonenasay Qiangxin Luo Zhili Han Wei Lu
author_sort	Jinfeng Peng
title	Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations
title_short	Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations
title_full	Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations
title_fullStr	Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations
title_sort	effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c72bc87aeed4673ad1194161c56c8e0
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Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations

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