CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality

The processing of sea buckthorn generates a significant amount of pomace, seeds and skin considered valuable sources of health-promoting macromolecules, such as carotenoids, pectin, flavonoids, phytosterols, polyunsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols. In this study, the bioactives from sea buckthor...

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Autores principales:	Liliana Mihalcea, Mihaela Turturică, Elena Iulia Cucolea, George-Mădălin Dănilă, Loredana Dumitrașcu, Gigi Coman, Oana Emilia Constantin, Leontina Grigore-Gurgu, Nicoleta Stănciuc
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	sea buckthorn pomace oleoresins CO<sub>2</sub> supercritical fluid extraction antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1c744653e5bf473f88875a4bcfde4568
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1c744653e5bf473f88875a4bcfde45682021-11-25T16:25:59ZCO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality10.3390/antiox101116812076-3921https://doaj.org/article/1c744653e5bf473f88875a4bcfde45682021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1681https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921The processing of sea buckthorn generates a significant amount of pomace, seeds and skin considered valuable sources of health-promoting macromolecules, such as carotenoids, pectin, flavonoids, phytosterols, polyunsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols. In this study, the bioactives from sea buckthorn pomace (SBP) were extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SFE-CO<sub>2</sub>), at different temperatures and pressures, allowing for obtaining four fractions according to separators (S40 and S45). The highest carotenoid content of 396.12 ± 1.02 mg/g D.W. was found in the S40 fraction, at extraction parameters of 35 °C/45 MPa, yielding an antioxidant activity of 32.10 ± 0.17 mMol TEAC/g D.W. The representative carotenoids in the extract were zeaxanthin, β-carotene and lycopene, whereas all enriched SFE-CO<sub>2</sub> extracts contained α-, β- and δ-tocopherol, with α-tocopherol representing around 82% of all fractions. β-sitosterol was the major phytosterol in the fractions derived from S45. All fractions contained significant fatty acids, with a predominance of linoleic acid. Remarkably, the enriched extracts showed a significant palmitoleic acid content, ranging from 53 to 65 µg/g. S40 extracts showed a good antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> ATCC 7966, whereas S45 extracts showed a growth inhibition rate of 100% against <i>Aspergillus niger</i> after three days of growth. Our results are valuable, and they allow identifying the different profiles of extracts with many different applications in food, pharmaceutics, nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals.Liliana MihalceaMihaela TurturicăElena Iulia CucoleaGeorge-Mădălin DănilăLoredana DumitrașcuGigi ComanOana Emilia ConstantinLeontina Grigore-GurguNicoleta StănciucMDPI AGarticlesea buckthorn pomaceoleoresinsCO<sub>2</sub> supercritical fluid extractionantioxidant activityantimicrobial activityTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1681, p 1681 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sea buckthorn pomace oleoresins CO<sub>2</sub> supercritical fluid extraction antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	sea buckthorn pomace oleoresins CO<sub>2</sub> supercritical fluid extraction antioxidant activity antimicrobial activity Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Liliana Mihalcea Mihaela Turturică Elena Iulia Cucolea George-Mădălin Dănilă Loredana Dumitrașcu Gigi Coman Oana Emilia Constantin Leontina Grigore-Gurgu Nicoleta Stănciuc CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality
description	The processing of sea buckthorn generates a significant amount of pomace, seeds and skin considered valuable sources of health-promoting macromolecules, such as carotenoids, pectin, flavonoids, phytosterols, polyunsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols. In this study, the bioactives from sea buckthorn pomace (SBP) were extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SFE-CO<sub>2</sub>), at different temperatures and pressures, allowing for obtaining four fractions according to separators (S40 and S45). The highest carotenoid content of 396.12 ± 1.02 mg/g D.W. was found in the S40 fraction, at extraction parameters of 35 °C/45 MPa, yielding an antioxidant activity of 32.10 ± 0.17 mMol TEAC/g D.W. The representative carotenoids in the extract were zeaxanthin, β-carotene and lycopene, whereas all enriched SFE-CO<sub>2</sub> extracts contained α-, β- and δ-tocopherol, with α-tocopherol representing around 82% of all fractions. β-sitosterol was the major phytosterol in the fractions derived from S45. All fractions contained significant fatty acids, with a predominance of linoleic acid. Remarkably, the enriched extracts showed a significant palmitoleic acid content, ranging from 53 to 65 µg/g. S40 extracts showed a good antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> ATCC 7966, whereas S45 extracts showed a growth inhibition rate of 100% against <i>Aspergillus niger</i> after three days of growth. Our results are valuable, and they allow identifying the different profiles of extracts with many different applications in food, pharmaceutics, nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals.
format	article
author	Liliana Mihalcea Mihaela Turturică Elena Iulia Cucolea George-Mădălin Dănilă Loredana Dumitrașcu Gigi Coman Oana Emilia Constantin Leontina Grigore-Gurgu Nicoleta Stănciuc
author_facet	Liliana Mihalcea Mihaela Turturică Elena Iulia Cucolea George-Mădălin Dănilă Loredana Dumitrașcu Gigi Coman Oana Emilia Constantin Leontina Grigore-Gurgu Nicoleta Stănciuc
author_sort	Liliana Mihalcea
title	CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality
title_short	CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality
title_full	CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality
title_fullStr	CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality
title_full_unstemmed	CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality
title_sort	co<sub>2</sub> supercritical fluid extraction of oleoresins from sea buckthorn pomace: evidence of advanced bioactive profile and selected functionality
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1c744653e5bf473f88875a4bcfde4568
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CO<sub>2</sub> Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oleoresins from Sea Buckthorn Pomace: Evidence of Advanced Bioactive Profile and Selected Functionality

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