Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles

Esmaeil Biazar1, Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3, Tahmineh Forati4, Azadeh Asefnejad4, Mehdi Rahimi4, Reza Zeinali4, Mahmoud Ardeshir4, Farhad Hatamjafari1, Ali Sahebalzamani4, Majid Heidari41Chemistry Department, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Mazandaran, Iran; 2Material...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Esmaeil Biazar1, Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3 et al
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2009
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1caa9b33b0b6441eb4f7d604eb5b8f65
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:1caa9b33b0b6441eb4f7d604eb5b8f65
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1caa9b33b0b6441eb4f7d604eb5b8f652021-12-02T05:39:46ZEffect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/1caa9b33b0b6441eb4f7d604eb5b8f652009-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/effect-of-the-mechanical-activation-on-size-reduction-of-crystalline-a-a3791https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Esmaeil Biazar1, Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3, Tahmineh Forati4, Azadeh Asefnejad4, Mehdi Rahimi4, Reza Zeinali4, Mahmoud Ardeshir4, Farhad Hatamjafari1, Ali Sahebalzamani4, Majid Heidari41Chemistry Department, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Mazandaran, Iran; 2Material Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Biomedicall Department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, IranAbstract: The decrease in particle size may offer new properties to drugs. In this study, we investigated the size reduction influence of the acetaminophen (C8H9O2N) particles by mechanical activation using a dry ball mill. The activated samples with the average size of 1 &micro;m were then investigated in different time periods with the infrared (IR), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The results of the IR and XRD images showed no change in the drug structure after the mechanical activation of all samples. With the peak height at full width at half maximum from XRD and the Scherrer equation, the size of the activated crystallite samples illustrated that the AFM images were in sound agreement with the Scherrer equation. According to the peaks of the AFM images, the average size of the particles in 30 hours of activation was 24 nm with a normal particle distribution. The ICP analysis demonstrated the presence of tungsten carbide particle impurities after activation from the powder sample impacting with the ball and jar. The greatest reduction in size was after milling for 30 hours.Keywords: acetaminophen, mechanical activation, structure investigation, nanoparticles, ball mill Esmaeil Biazar1Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3 et alDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2009, Iss default, Pp 283-287 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Esmaeil Biazar1 Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3 et al Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles
description	Esmaeil Biazar1, Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3, Tahmineh Forati4, Azadeh Asefnejad4, Mehdi Rahimi4, Reza Zeinali4, Mahmoud Ardeshir4, Farhad Hatamjafari1, Ali Sahebalzamani4, Majid Heidari41Chemistry Department, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Mazandaran, Iran; 2Material Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Biomedicall Department, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, IranAbstract: The decrease in particle size may offer new properties to drugs. In this study, we investigated the size reduction influence of the acetaminophen (C8H9O2N) particles by mechanical activation using a dry ball mill. The activated samples with the average size of 1 &micro;m were then investigated in different time periods with the infrared (IR), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The results of the IR and XRD images showed no change in the drug structure after the mechanical activation of all samples. With the peak height at full width at half maximum from XRD and the Scherrer equation, the size of the activated crystallite samples illustrated that the AFM images were in sound agreement with the Scherrer equation. According to the peaks of the AFM images, the average size of the particles in 30 hours of activation was 24 nm with a normal particle distribution. The ICP analysis demonstrated the presence of tungsten carbide particle impurities after activation from the powder sample impacting with the ball and jar. The greatest reduction in size was after milling for 30 hours.Keywords: acetaminophen, mechanical activation, structure investigation, nanoparticles, ball mill
format	article
author	Esmaeil Biazar1 Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3 et al
author_facet	Esmaeil Biazar1 Ali Beitollahi2,&nbsp;S Mehdi Rezayat3 et al
author_sort	Esmaeil Biazar1
title	Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles
title_short	Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles
title_full	Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles
title_fullStr	Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles
title_sort	effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/1caa9b33b0b6441eb4f7d604eb5b8f65
work_keys_str_mv	AT esmaeilbiazar1 effectofthemechanicalactivationonsizereductionofcrystallineacetaminophendrugparticles AT alibeitollahi2ampnbspsmehdirezayat3etal effectofthemechanicalactivationonsizereductionofcrystallineacetaminophendrugparticles
_version_	1718400279897964544

Effect of the mechanical activation on size reduction of crystalline acetaminophen drug particles

Ejemplares similares