Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Alexander Winter,1 Tobias Kowald,2 Tina Susanne Paulo,2 Philipp Goos,1 Svenja Engels,1 Holger Gerullis,1 Jonas Schiffmann,1 Ajay Chavan,2 Friedhelm Wawroschek1 1University Hospital for Urology, Klinikum Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Olde...

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Autores principales:	Winter A, Kowald T, Paulo TS, Goos P, Engels S, Gerullis H, Schiffmann J, Chavan A, Wawroschek F
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	lymphoscintigraphy magnetic resonance imaging magnetometer prostate cancer sentinel lymphadenectomy SPION Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1cc4a001f80e44aaa4afc922492b635c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1cc4a001f80e44aaa4afc922492b635c2021-12-02T04:50:31ZMagnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/1cc4a001f80e44aaa4afc922492b635c2018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/magnetic-resonance-sentinel-lymph-node-imaging-and-magnetometer-guided-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Alexander Winter,1 Tobias Kowald,2 Tina Susanne Paulo,2 Philipp Goos,1 Svenja Engels,1 Holger Gerullis,1 Jonas Schiffmann,1 Ajay Chavan,2 Friedhelm Wawroschek1 1University Hospital for Urology, Klinikum Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany; 2Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (LN) dissection (sLND) using a magnetometer and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) as a tracer was successfully applied in prostate cancer (PCa). The feasibility of sentinel LN (SLN) visualization on MRI after intraprostatic SPION injection has been reported. In the present study, results of preoperative MRI identification of SLNs and the outcome of subsequent intraoperative magnetometer-guided sLND following intraprostatic SPION injection were studied in intermediate- and high-risk PCa.Patients and methods: A total of 50 intermediate- and high-risk PCa patients (prostate-specific antigen >10 ng/mL and/or Gleason score ≥7) scheduled for radical prostatectomy with magnetometer-guided sLND and extended pelvic LND (eLND), were included. Patients underwent MRI before and one day after intraprostatic SPION injection using T1-, T2-, and T2*-weighted sequences. Diagnostic rate per patient was established. Distribution of SLNs per anatomic region was registered. Diagnostic accuracy of sLND was assessed by using eLND as a reference standard.Results: SPION-MRI identified a total of 890 SLNs (median 17.5; IQR 12–22.5). SLNs could be successfully detected using MRI in all patients (diagnostic rate 100%). Anatomic SLN distribution: external iliac 19.2%, common iliac 16.6%, fossa obturatoria 15.8%, internal iliac 13.8%, presacral 12.1%, perirectal 12.0%, periprostatic 3.7%, perivesical 2.3%, and other regions 4.4%. LN metastases were intraoperatively found in 15 of 50 patients (30%). sLND had a 100% diagnostic rate, 85.7% sensitivity, 97.2% specificity, 92.3% positive predictive value, 94.9% negative predictive value, false negative rate 14.3%, and 2.8% additional diagnostic value (LN metastases only outside the eLND template).Conclusion: MR scintigraphy after intraprostatic SPION injection provides a roadmap for intraoperative magnetometer-guided SLN detection and can be useful to characterize a reliable lymphadenectomy template. Draining LN from the prostate can be identified in an unexpectedly high number, especially outside the established eLND template. Further studies are required to analyze discordance between the number of pre- and intraoperatively identified SLNs. Keywords: lymphoscintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetometer, prostate cancer, sentinel lymphadenectomy, SPIONWinter AKowald TPaulo TSGoos PEngels SGerullis HSchiffmann JChavan AWawroschek FDove Medical Pressarticlelymphoscintigraphymagnetic resonance imagingmagnetometerprostate cancersentinel lymphadenectomySPIONMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 13, Pp 6689-6698 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lymphoscintigraphy magnetic resonance imaging magnetometer prostate cancer sentinel lymphadenectomy SPION Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	lymphoscintigraphy magnetic resonance imaging magnetometer prostate cancer sentinel lymphadenectomy SPION Medicine (General) R5-920 Winter A Kowald T Paulo TS Goos P Engels S Gerullis H Schiffmann J Chavan A Wawroschek F Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
description	Alexander Winter,1 Tobias Kowald,2 Tina Susanne Paulo,2 Philipp Goos,1 Svenja Engels,1 Holger Gerullis,1 Jonas Schiffmann,1 Ajay Chavan,2 Friedhelm Wawroschek1 1University Hospital for Urology, Klinikum Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany; 2Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany Purpose: Sentinel lymph node (LN) dissection (sLND) using a magnetometer and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) as a tracer was successfully applied in prostate cancer (PCa). The feasibility of sentinel LN (SLN) visualization on MRI after intraprostatic SPION injection has been reported. In the present study, results of preoperative MRI identification of SLNs and the outcome of subsequent intraoperative magnetometer-guided sLND following intraprostatic SPION injection were studied in intermediate- and high-risk PCa.Patients and methods: A total of 50 intermediate- and high-risk PCa patients (prostate-specific antigen >10 ng/mL and/or Gleason score ≥7) scheduled for radical prostatectomy with magnetometer-guided sLND and extended pelvic LND (eLND), were included. Patients underwent MRI before and one day after intraprostatic SPION injection using T1-, T2-, and T2*-weighted sequences. Diagnostic rate per patient was established. Distribution of SLNs per anatomic region was registered. Diagnostic accuracy of sLND was assessed by using eLND as a reference standard.Results: SPION-MRI identified a total of 890 SLNs (median 17.5; IQR 12–22.5). SLNs could be successfully detected using MRI in all patients (diagnostic rate 100%). Anatomic SLN distribution: external iliac 19.2%, common iliac 16.6%, fossa obturatoria 15.8%, internal iliac 13.8%, presacral 12.1%, perirectal 12.0%, periprostatic 3.7%, perivesical 2.3%, and other regions 4.4%. LN metastases were intraoperatively found in 15 of 50 patients (30%). sLND had a 100% diagnostic rate, 85.7% sensitivity, 97.2% specificity, 92.3% positive predictive value, 94.9% negative predictive value, false negative rate 14.3%, and 2.8% additional diagnostic value (LN metastases only outside the eLND template).Conclusion: MR scintigraphy after intraprostatic SPION injection provides a roadmap for intraoperative magnetometer-guided SLN detection and can be useful to characterize a reliable lymphadenectomy template. Draining LN from the prostate can be identified in an unexpectedly high number, especially outside the established eLND template. Further studies are required to analyze discordance between the number of pre- and intraoperatively identified SLNs. Keywords: lymphoscintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetometer, prostate cancer, sentinel lymphadenectomy, SPION
format	article
author	Winter A Kowald T Paulo TS Goos P Engels S Gerullis H Schiffmann J Chavan A Wawroschek F
author_facet	Winter A Kowald T Paulo TS Goos P Engels S Gerullis H Schiffmann J Chavan A Wawroschek F
author_sort	Winter A
title	Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
title_short	Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
title_full	Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
title_fullStr	Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed	Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
title_sort	magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/1cc4a001f80e44aaa4afc922492b635c
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Magnetic resonance sentinel lymph node imaging and magnetometer-guided intraoperative detection in prostate cancer using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

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