Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.

Climate change and anthropogenic modifications to the landscape can have both positive and negative effects on an animal. Linking landscape change to physiological stress and fitness of an animal is a fundamental tenet to be examined in applied ecology. Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone that can...

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Autores principales:	Jennifer R Kordosky, Eric M Gese, Craig M Thompson, Patricia A Terletzky, Lorin A Neuman-Lee, Jon D Schneiderman, Kathryn L Purcell, Susannah S French
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1ccf411d5eab48879228237de9f4c1bb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1ccf411d5eab48879228237de9f4c1bb2021-12-02T20:09:46ZLandscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0253604https://doaj.org/article/1ccf411d5eab48879228237de9f4c1bb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253604https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Climate change and anthropogenic modifications to the landscape can have both positive and negative effects on an animal. Linking landscape change to physiological stress and fitness of an animal is a fundamental tenet to be examined in applied ecology. Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone that can be used to indicate an animal's physiological stress response. In the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California, fishers (Pekania pennanti) are a threatened mesocarnivore that have been subjected to rapid landscape changes due to anthropogenic modifications and tree mortality related to a 4-year drought. We measured cortisol concentrations in the hair of 64 fishers (41 females, 23 males) captured and radio-collared in the Sierra National Forest, California. We addressed two main questions: (1) Is the physiological stress response of fishers influenced by anthropogenic factors, habitat type, canopy cover, and tree mortality due to drought in their home range? (2) Does the physiological stress response influence survival, reproduction, or body condition? We examined these factors within a fisher home range at 3 scales (30, 60, 95% isopleths). Using model selection, we found that tree mortality was the principle driver influencing stress levels among individual fishers with female and male fishers having increasing cortisol levels in home ranges with increasing tree mortality. Most importantly, we also found a link between physiological stress and demography where female fishers with low cortisol levels had the highest annual survival rate (0.94), whereas females with medium and high cortisol had lower annual survival rates, 0.78 and 0.81, respectively. We found no significant relationships between cortisol levels and body condition, male survival, or litter size. We concluded that tree mortality related to a 4-year drought has created a "landscape of stress" for this small, isolated fisher population.Jennifer R KordoskyEric M GeseCraig M ThompsonPatricia A TerletzkyLorin A Neuman-LeeJon D SchneidermanKathryn L PurcellSusannah S FrenchPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0253604 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jennifer R Kordosky Eric M Gese Craig M Thompson Patricia A Terletzky Lorin A Neuman-Lee Jon D Schneiderman Kathryn L Purcell Susannah S French Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.
description	Climate change and anthropogenic modifications to the landscape can have both positive and negative effects on an animal. Linking landscape change to physiological stress and fitness of an animal is a fundamental tenet to be examined in applied ecology. Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone that can be used to indicate an animal's physiological stress response. In the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California, fishers (Pekania pennanti) are a threatened mesocarnivore that have been subjected to rapid landscape changes due to anthropogenic modifications and tree mortality related to a 4-year drought. We measured cortisol concentrations in the hair of 64 fishers (41 females, 23 males) captured and radio-collared in the Sierra National Forest, California. We addressed two main questions: (1) Is the physiological stress response of fishers influenced by anthropogenic factors, habitat type, canopy cover, and tree mortality due to drought in their home range? (2) Does the physiological stress response influence survival, reproduction, or body condition? We examined these factors within a fisher home range at 3 scales (30, 60, 95% isopleths). Using model selection, we found that tree mortality was the principle driver influencing stress levels among individual fishers with female and male fishers having increasing cortisol levels in home ranges with increasing tree mortality. Most importantly, we also found a link between physiological stress and demography where female fishers with low cortisol levels had the highest annual survival rate (0.94), whereas females with medium and high cortisol had lower annual survival rates, 0.78 and 0.81, respectively. We found no significant relationships between cortisol levels and body condition, male survival, or litter size. We concluded that tree mortality related to a 4-year drought has created a "landscape of stress" for this small, isolated fisher population.
format	article
author	Jennifer R Kordosky Eric M Gese Craig M Thompson Patricia A Terletzky Lorin A Neuman-Lee Jon D Schneiderman Kathryn L Purcell Susannah S French
author_facet	Jennifer R Kordosky Eric M Gese Craig M Thompson Patricia A Terletzky Lorin A Neuman-Lee Jon D Schneiderman Kathryn L Purcell Susannah S French
author_sort	Jennifer R Kordosky
title	Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.
title_short	Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.
title_full	Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.
title_fullStr	Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.
title_full_unstemmed	Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.
title_sort	landscape of stress: tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1ccf411d5eab48879228237de9f4c1bb
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Landscape of stress: Tree mortality influences physiological stress and survival in a native mesocarnivore.

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