Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy

Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is initiated by the interaction between a receptor protein, angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) on the cell surface, and the viral spike (S) protein. This interactio...

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Autores principales:	Ai Fujimoto, Yidan Lyu, Masataka Kinjo, Akira Kitamura
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 spike protein ACE2 fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy coronavirus Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1cd14c87d6584ffb9e635ccb84af3d98
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1cd14c87d6584ffb9e635ccb84af3d982021-11-25T16:35:40ZInteraction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy10.3390/app1122106972076-3417https://doaj.org/article/1cd14c87d6584ffb9e635ccb84af3d982021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10697https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is initiated by the interaction between a receptor protein, angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) on the cell surface, and the viral spike (S) protein. This interaction is similar to the mechanism in SARS-CoV, a close relative of SARS-CoV-2, which was identified in 2003. Drugs and antibodies that inhibit the interaction between ACE2 and S proteins could be key therapeutic methods for preventing viral infection and replication in COVID-19. Here, we demonstrate the interaction between human ACE2 and a fragment of the S protein (S1 subunit) derived from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV using two-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS), which can detect the interaction of fluorescently labeled proteins. The S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 interacted in solution with soluble ACE2, which lacks a transmembrane region, more strongly than that of SARS-CoV. Furthermore, one-to-one stoichiometry of the two proteins during the interaction was indicated. Thus, we propose that this FCCS-based interaction detection system can be used to analyze the interaction strengths of various mutants of the S1 subunit that have evolved during the worldwide pandemic, and also offers the opportunity to screen and evaluate the performance of drugs and antibodies that inhibit the interaction.Ai FujimotoYidan LyuMasataka KinjoAkira KitamuraMDPI AGarticleCOVID-19spike proteinACE2fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopycoronavirusTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10697, p 10697 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 spike protein ACE2 fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy coronavirus Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	COVID-19 spike protein ACE2 fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy coronavirus Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Ai Fujimoto Yidan Lyu Masataka Kinjo Akira Kitamura Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy
description	Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is initiated by the interaction between a receptor protein, angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) on the cell surface, and the viral spike (S) protein. This interaction is similar to the mechanism in SARS-CoV, a close relative of SARS-CoV-2, which was identified in 2003. Drugs and antibodies that inhibit the interaction between ACE2 and S proteins could be key therapeutic methods for preventing viral infection and replication in COVID-19. Here, we demonstrate the interaction between human ACE2 and a fragment of the S protein (S1 subunit) derived from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV using two-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS), which can detect the interaction of fluorescently labeled proteins. The S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 interacted in solution with soluble ACE2, which lacks a transmembrane region, more strongly than that of SARS-CoV. Furthermore, one-to-one stoichiometry of the two proteins during the interaction was indicated. Thus, we propose that this FCCS-based interaction detection system can be used to analyze the interaction strengths of various mutants of the S1 subunit that have evolved during the worldwide pandemic, and also offers the opportunity to screen and evaluate the performance of drugs and antibodies that inhibit the interaction.
format	article
author	Ai Fujimoto Yidan Lyu Masataka Kinjo Akira Kitamura
author_facet	Ai Fujimoto Yidan Lyu Masataka Kinjo Akira Kitamura
author_sort	Ai Fujimoto
title	Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy
title_short	Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy
title_full	Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy
title_fullStr	Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed	Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy
title_sort	interaction between spike protein of sars-cov-2 and human virus receptor ace2 using two-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1cd14c87d6584ffb9e635ccb84af3d98
work_keys_str_mv	AT aifujimoto interactionbetweenspikeproteinofsarscov2andhumanvirusreceptorace2usingtwocolorfluorescencecrosscorrelationspectroscopy AT yidanlyu interactionbetweenspikeproteinofsarscov2andhumanvirusreceptorace2usingtwocolorfluorescencecrosscorrelationspectroscopy AT masatakakinjo interactionbetweenspikeproteinofsarscov2andhumanvirusreceptorace2usingtwocolorfluorescencecrosscorrelationspectroscopy AT akirakitamura interactionbetweenspikeproteinofsarscov2andhumanvirusreceptorace2usingtwocolorfluorescencecrosscorrelationspectroscopy
_version_	1718413065180938240

Interaction between Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 and Human Virus Receptor ACE2 Using Two-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy

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