Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.

<h4>Background</h4>The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is activated in parallel with the motor system during cyclical and effortful imagined actions. However, it is not clear whether the ANS is activated during motor imagery of discrete movements and whether this activation is specific to...

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Autores principales:	Laurent Demougeot, Hervé Normand, Pierre Denise, Charalambos Papaxanthis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1d3420392380450bb17e04c6f12a3ba7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1d3420392380450bb17e04c6f12a3ba72021-11-25T06:20:47ZDiscrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0006769https://doaj.org/article/1d3420392380450bb17e04c6f12a3ba72009-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19707571/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is activated in parallel with the motor system during cyclical and effortful imagined actions. However, it is not clear whether the ANS is activated during motor imagery of discrete movements and whether this activation is specific to the movement being imagined. Here, we explored these topics by studying the baroreflex control of the cardiovascular system.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded in ten subjects who executed or imagined trunk or leg movements against gravity. Trunk and leg movements result in different physiological reactions (orthostatic hypotension phenomenon) when they are executed. Interestingly, ANS activation significantly, but similarly, increased during imagined trunk and leg movements. Furthermore, we did not observe any physiological modulation during a control mental-arithmetic task or during motor imagery of effortless movements (horizontal wrist displacements).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We concluded that ANS activation during motor imagery is general and not specific and physiologically prepares the organism for the upcoming effortful action.Laurent DemougeotHervé NormandPierre DeniseCharalambos PapaxanthisPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 8, p e6769 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Laurent Demougeot Hervé Normand Pierre Denise Charalambos Papaxanthis Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is activated in parallel with the motor system during cyclical and effortful imagined actions. However, it is not clear whether the ANS is activated during motor imagery of discrete movements and whether this activation is specific to the movement being imagined. Here, we explored these topics by studying the baroreflex control of the cardiovascular system.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded in ten subjects who executed or imagined trunk or leg movements against gravity. Trunk and leg movements result in different physiological reactions (orthostatic hypotension phenomenon) when they are executed. Interestingly, ANS activation significantly, but similarly, increased during imagined trunk and leg movements. Furthermore, we did not observe any physiological modulation during a control mental-arithmetic task or during motor imagery of effortless movements (horizontal wrist displacements).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We concluded that ANS activation during motor imagery is general and not specific and physiologically prepares the organism for the upcoming effortful action.
format	article
author	Laurent Demougeot Hervé Normand Pierre Denise Charalambos Papaxanthis
author_facet	Laurent Demougeot Hervé Normand Pierre Denise Charalambos Papaxanthis
author_sort	Laurent Demougeot
title	Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.
title_short	Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.
title_full	Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.
title_fullStr	Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.
title_full_unstemmed	Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.
title_sort	discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/1d3420392380450bb17e04c6f12a3ba7
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Discrete and effortful imagined movements do not specifically activate the autonomic nervous system.

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