Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials

The study investigated the toxicity effects of ‘form specific’ engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and ions released from nano-enabled products (NEPs), namely sunscreens, sanitisers, body creams and socks on <i>Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata</i>, <i>Spirodela polyrhiza</i>, and...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Raisibe Florence Lehutso, James Wesley-Smith, Melusi Thwala
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nanotoxicity engineered nanomaterials nano-enabled products risk assessment Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1d3e9a639246443a9117d6d7430f41f5
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:1d3e9a639246443a9117d6d7430f41f5
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1d3e9a639246443a9117d6d7430f41f52021-11-25T17:56:56ZAquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials10.3390/ijms2222124681422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/1d3e9a639246443a9117d6d7430f41f52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12468https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067The study investigated the toxicity effects of ‘form specific’ engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and ions released from nano-enabled products (NEPs), namely sunscreens, sanitisers, body creams and socks on <i>Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata</i>, <i>Spirodela polyrhiza</i>, and <i>Daphnia magna</i>. Additionally, risk estimation emanating from the exposures was undertaken. The ENMs and the ions released from the products both contributed to the effects to varying extents, with neither being a uniform principal toxicity agent across the exposures; however, the effects were either synergistic or antagonistic. <i>D. magna</i> and <i>S. polyrhiza</i> were the most sensitive and least sensitive test organisms, respectively. The most toxic effects were from ENMs and ions released from sanitisers and sunscreens, whereas body creams and sock counterparts caused negligible effects. The internalisation of the ENMs from the sunscreens could not be established; only adsorption on the biota was evident. It was established that ENMs and ions released from products pose no imminent risk to ecosystems; instead, small to significant adverse effects are expected in the worst-case exposure scenario. The study demonstrates that while ENMs from products may not be considered to pose an imminent risk, increasing nanotechnology commercialization may increase their environmental exposure and risk potential; therefore, priority exposure cases need to be examined.Raisibe Florence LehutsoJames Wesley-SmithMelusi ThwalaMDPI AGarticlenanotoxicityengineered nanomaterialsnano-enabled productsrisk assessmentBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12468, p 12468 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nanotoxicity engineered nanomaterials nano-enabled products risk assessment Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	nanotoxicity engineered nanomaterials nano-enabled products risk assessment Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Raisibe Florence Lehutso James Wesley-Smith Melusi Thwala Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials
description	The study investigated the toxicity effects of ‘form specific’ engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and ions released from nano-enabled products (NEPs), namely sunscreens, sanitisers, body creams and socks on <i>Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata</i>, <i>Spirodela polyrhiza</i>, and <i>Daphnia magna</i>. Additionally, risk estimation emanating from the exposures was undertaken. The ENMs and the ions released from the products both contributed to the effects to varying extents, with neither being a uniform principal toxicity agent across the exposures; however, the effects were either synergistic or antagonistic. <i>D. magna</i> and <i>S. polyrhiza</i> were the most sensitive and least sensitive test organisms, respectively. The most toxic effects were from ENMs and ions released from sanitisers and sunscreens, whereas body creams and sock counterparts caused negligible effects. The internalisation of the ENMs from the sunscreens could not be established; only adsorption on the biota was evident. It was established that ENMs and ions released from products pose no imminent risk to ecosystems; instead, small to significant adverse effects are expected in the worst-case exposure scenario. The study demonstrates that while ENMs from products may not be considered to pose an imminent risk, increasing nanotechnology commercialization may increase their environmental exposure and risk potential; therefore, priority exposure cases need to be examined.
format	article
author	Raisibe Florence Lehutso James Wesley-Smith Melusi Thwala
author_facet	Raisibe Florence Lehutso James Wesley-Smith Melusi Thwala
author_sort	Raisibe Florence Lehutso
title	Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials
title_short	Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials
title_full	Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials
title_fullStr	Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials
title_full_unstemmed	Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials
title_sort	aquatic toxicity effects and risk assessment of ‘form specific’ product-released engineered nanomaterials
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1d3e9a639246443a9117d6d7430f41f5
work_keys_str_mv	AT raisibeflorencelehutso aquatictoxicityeffectsandriskassessmentofformspecificproductreleasedengineerednanomaterials AT jameswesleysmith aquatictoxicityeffectsandriskassessmentofformspecificproductreleasedengineerednanomaterials AT melusithwala aquatictoxicityeffectsandriskassessmentofformspecificproductreleasedengineerednanomaterials
_version_	1718411787789926400

Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials

Ejemplares similares