Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens

Background: Cocos nucifera (L) is a widespread tall plant and found to havelot of important pharmacological applications and it is very less toxic in nature. The water of the endocarp has high antioxidant activity, and its fiber was reported to have antibacterial, ant parasitic and anti-inflammatory...

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Autores principales:	R. Ramesh, M. Parasaran, G.T. Fathima Mubashira, C. Flora, F. Liakath Ali Khan, Khalid S. Almaary, Yahya B. Elbadawi, Tse-Wei Chen, K. Kanimozhi, A.K.H Bashir, Ahmed A. Hussein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Zinc Oxide Nickel Oxide Cocus nucifera (L) Fermentation Antimicrobial activity Science (General) Q1-390
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1d447485ebd64beabebd94f7e89697a7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1d447485ebd64beabebd94f7e89697a72021-11-24T04:27:04ZBiogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens1018-364710.1016/j.jksus.2021.101696https://doaj.org/article/1d447485ebd64beabebd94f7e89697a72022-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S101836472100358Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1018-3647Background: Cocos nucifera (L) is a widespread tall plant and found to havelot of important pharmacological applications and it is very less toxic in nature. The water of the endocarp has high antioxidant activity, and its fiber was reported to have antibacterial, ant parasitic and anti-inflammatory properties. The oil derived from its edible parts have been used in cooking, in the preparation of the soaps and cosmetics etc. The water within can be processed to produce alcohol. Once the endocarp was crushed and the extract were removed it can used as a feed material and as a natural organic fertilizer. Herein, we report the novel method of utilizing the residue of the deoiled seed cake of Cocos nucifera (L) for preparing the metal oxides as a reducing agent and to test its antimicrobial level against human pathogens. Methods: The method adopted in this investigation is the fermentation process of preparing the Cocos nucifera (L) extract by utilizing the water as the medium for the extraction process under room temperature. Results: Structural nature and morphology of the synthesized samples were carried out using XRD and SEM analysis and the results revealed that ZnO belongs to hexagonal shape with primitive lattice cell arrangement and NiO had cubic structure with FCC lattice arrangements. The results of the average crystalline size of prepared nanoparticles using XRD and SEM were alike. Molecular bonding and stability were analyzed using FTIR instrumentation based on UV absorption and Tauc plot the bandgap of ZnO and NiO was calculated as 3.15 eV and 3.64 eV. Elemental composition was identified using EDAX analysis. Antibacterial assay was carried out against human pathogens including S.aureus, B.subtilis, E.coli and K.pneumoniae in comparison to the standard drug Gentamycin and the synthesized specimens ZnO and NiO showed the moderate activity with the zone of inhibition of about of 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 8 mm against the human pathogens. Conclusion: Our results showed that the antimicrobial properties of the Cocus nucifera (L) mediated ZnO and NiO have moderate activity against the standard drug Gentamycin, three different doses were tested against the disease causing pathogens including S.aureus, B.subtilis, E.coli and K.pneumoniae. The zone of inhibition was found to be minimum. This may be attributed to the reason that even after the removal of the edible compounds from the seed of Cocos nucifera (L), the residue or the waste product found to have a moderate antimicrobial function against pathogens.R. RameshM. ParasaranG.T. Fathima MubashiraC. FloraF. Liakath Ali KhanKhalid S. AlmaaryYahya B. ElbadawiTse-Wei ChenK. KanimozhiA.K.H BashirAhmed A. HusseinElsevierarticleZinc OxideNickel OxideCocus nucifera (L)FermentationAntimicrobial activityScience (General)Q1-390ENJournal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 34, Iss 1, Pp 101696- (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Zinc Oxide Nickel Oxide Cocus nucifera (L) Fermentation Antimicrobial activity Science (General) Q1-390
spellingShingle	Zinc Oxide Nickel Oxide Cocus nucifera (L) Fermentation Antimicrobial activity Science (General) Q1-390 R. Ramesh M. Parasaran G.T. Fathima Mubashira C. Flora F. Liakath Ali Khan Khalid S. Almaary Yahya B. Elbadawi Tse-Wei Chen K. Kanimozhi A.K.H Bashir Ahmed A. Hussein Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens
description	Background: Cocos nucifera (L) is a widespread tall plant and found to havelot of important pharmacological applications and it is very less toxic in nature. The water of the endocarp has high antioxidant activity, and its fiber was reported to have antibacterial, ant parasitic and anti-inflammatory properties. The oil derived from its edible parts have been used in cooking, in the preparation of the soaps and cosmetics etc. The water within can be processed to produce alcohol. Once the endocarp was crushed and the extract were removed it can used as a feed material and as a natural organic fertilizer. Herein, we report the novel method of utilizing the residue of the deoiled seed cake of Cocos nucifera (L) for preparing the metal oxides as a reducing agent and to test its antimicrobial level against human pathogens. Methods: The method adopted in this investigation is the fermentation process of preparing the Cocos nucifera (L) extract by utilizing the water as the medium for the extraction process under room temperature. Results: Structural nature and morphology of the synthesized samples were carried out using XRD and SEM analysis and the results revealed that ZnO belongs to hexagonal shape with primitive lattice cell arrangement and NiO had cubic structure with FCC lattice arrangements. The results of the average crystalline size of prepared nanoparticles using XRD and SEM were alike. Molecular bonding and stability were analyzed using FTIR instrumentation based on UV absorption and Tauc plot the bandgap of ZnO and NiO was calculated as 3.15 eV and 3.64 eV. Elemental composition was identified using EDAX analysis. Antibacterial assay was carried out against human pathogens including S.aureus, B.subtilis, E.coli and K.pneumoniae in comparison to the standard drug Gentamycin and the synthesized specimens ZnO and NiO showed the moderate activity with the zone of inhibition of about of 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 8 mm against the human pathogens. Conclusion: Our results showed that the antimicrobial properties of the Cocus nucifera (L) mediated ZnO and NiO have moderate activity against the standard drug Gentamycin, three different doses were tested against the disease causing pathogens including S.aureus, B.subtilis, E.coli and K.pneumoniae. The zone of inhibition was found to be minimum. This may be attributed to the reason that even after the removal of the edible compounds from the seed of Cocos nucifera (L), the residue or the waste product found to have a moderate antimicrobial function against pathogens.
format	article
author	R. Ramesh M. Parasaran G.T. Fathima Mubashira C. Flora F. Liakath Ali Khan Khalid S. Almaary Yahya B. Elbadawi Tse-Wei Chen K. Kanimozhi A.K.H Bashir Ahmed A. Hussein
author_facet	R. Ramesh M. Parasaran G.T. Fathima Mubashira C. Flora F. Liakath Ali Khan Khalid S. Almaary Yahya B. Elbadawi Tse-Wei Chen K. Kanimozhi A.K.H Bashir Ahmed A. Hussein
author_sort	R. Ramesh
title	Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens
title_short	Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens
title_full	Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens
title_fullStr	Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens
title_full_unstemmed	Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens
title_sort	biogenic synthesis of zno and nio nanoparticles mediated by fermented cocos nucifera. (l) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/1d447485ebd64beabebd94f7e89697a7
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Biogenic synthesis of ZnO and NiO nanoparticles mediated by fermented Cocos nucifera. (L) deoiled cake extract for antimicrobial applications towards gram positive and gram negative pathogens

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