Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes

Salome Landolt,1 Thomas Rosemann,1 Eva Blozik,1,2 Beat Brüngger,2 Carola A Huber1,2 1Institute of Primary Care, University of Zürich, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; 2Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zürich, Switzer...

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Autores principales:	Landolt S, Rosemann T, Blozik E, Brüngger B, Huber CA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	anxiolytics sedatives pharmacoepidemiology health insurance claims data Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1d777b9291564650b5ba724170a3af5f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1d777b9291564650b5ba724170a3af5f2021-12-02T14:38:06ZBenzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/1d777b9291564650b5ba724170a3af5f2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/benzodiazepine-and-z-drug-use-in-switzerland-prevalence-prescription-p-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Salome Landolt,1 Thomas Rosemann,1 Eva Blozik,1,2 Beat Brüngger,2 Carola A Huber1,2 1Institute of Primary Care, University of Zürich, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; 2Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zürich, SwitzerlandCorrespondence: Carola A HuberHelsana Insurance Group, P.O. 8081, Zürich, SwitzerlandTel + 41 43 340 6341Fax +41 43 340 0434Email carola.huber@helsana.chPurpose: This study aimed to give a nationwide comprehensive picture of the prevalence and prescription patterns of benzodiazepines (BZ) and Z-drugs (ZD) in Switzerland and to analyze the association with adverse health care outcomes.Patients and Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted, using a large health insurance database in Switzerland. Records from all adult patients with ≥ 1 prescription for a benzodiazepine and/or a Z-drug in 2018 were included. We calculated the prevalence of BZ and ZD user (extrapolated to the Swiss general population), the number of prescriptions and the type of provider (among each BZ and ZD only user). Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association between drug prescription and the risk of hospitalization in different healthcare settings.Results: Of a total of 844ʹ692 patients, 95ʹ179 had ≥ 1 BZ and/or ZD prescription in 2018. The extrapolated one-year prevalence for the general Swiss population was 8.1% for a BZ prescription, 3.5% for a ZD prescription, and 10.5% for a BZ and/or ZD prescription, and continuously increased with age. The majority of the elderly (over 65 years) had ≥ 1 prescription (BZ: 51.9%; ZD: 56.9%; BZ and/or ZD: 53.5). The proportion of patients with ≥ 6 prescriptions per year was 23.1% for BZ only user and 35.2% for ZD only user. Most patients had ≥ 1 prescription from a general practitioner. Regression models showed a higher likelihood to be admitted to acute care, psychiatry, rehabilitation, or nursing home with ≥ 1 prescription for a benzodiazepine and/or a Z-drug.Conclusion: This study is the first to give a nationwide overview of the current use of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in Switzerland based on health insurance claims data. The results revealed a remarkably high prevalence among the general Swiss population, especially in older generations. The negative consequences of heavy BZ and ZD use are a crucial public health problem, that should be addressed.Keywords: anxiolytics, sedatives, pharmacoepidemiology, health insurance claims dataLandolt SRosemann TBlozik EBrüngger BHuber CADove Medical Pressarticleanxiolyticssedativespharmacoepidemiologyhealth insurance claims dataNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 17, Pp 1021-1034 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	anxiolytics sedatives pharmacoepidemiology health insurance claims data Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	anxiolytics sedatives pharmacoepidemiology health insurance claims data Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Landolt S Rosemann T Blozik E Brüngger B Huber CA Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes
description	Salome Landolt,1 Thomas Rosemann,1 Eva Blozik,1,2 Beat Brüngger,2 Carola A Huber1,2 1Institute of Primary Care, University of Zürich, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; 2Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zürich, SwitzerlandCorrespondence: Carola A HuberHelsana Insurance Group, P.O. 8081, Zürich, SwitzerlandTel + 41 43 340 6341Fax +41 43 340 0434Email carola.huber@helsana.chPurpose: This study aimed to give a nationwide comprehensive picture of the prevalence and prescription patterns of benzodiazepines (BZ) and Z-drugs (ZD) in Switzerland and to analyze the association with adverse health care outcomes.Patients and Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted, using a large health insurance database in Switzerland. Records from all adult patients with ≥ 1 prescription for a benzodiazepine and/or a Z-drug in 2018 were included. We calculated the prevalence of BZ and ZD user (extrapolated to the Swiss general population), the number of prescriptions and the type of provider (among each BZ and ZD only user). Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association between drug prescription and the risk of hospitalization in different healthcare settings.Results: Of a total of 844ʹ692 patients, 95ʹ179 had ≥ 1 BZ and/or ZD prescription in 2018. The extrapolated one-year prevalence for the general Swiss population was 8.1% for a BZ prescription, 3.5% for a ZD prescription, and 10.5% for a BZ and/or ZD prescription, and continuously increased with age. The majority of the elderly (over 65 years) had ≥ 1 prescription (BZ: 51.9%; ZD: 56.9%; BZ and/or ZD: 53.5). The proportion of patients with ≥ 6 prescriptions per year was 23.1% for BZ only user and 35.2% for ZD only user. Most patients had ≥ 1 prescription from a general practitioner. Regression models showed a higher likelihood to be admitted to acute care, psychiatry, rehabilitation, or nursing home with ≥ 1 prescription for a benzodiazepine and/or a Z-drug.Conclusion: This study is the first to give a nationwide overview of the current use of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in Switzerland based on health insurance claims data. The results revealed a remarkably high prevalence among the general Swiss population, especially in older generations. The negative consequences of heavy BZ and ZD use are a crucial public health problem, that should be addressed.Keywords: anxiolytics, sedatives, pharmacoepidemiology, health insurance claims data
format	article
author	Landolt S Rosemann T Blozik E Brüngger B Huber CA
author_facet	Landolt S Rosemann T Blozik E Brüngger B Huber CA
author_sort	Landolt S
title	Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes
title_short	Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes
title_full	Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes
title_fullStr	Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes
title_full_unstemmed	Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes
title_sort	benzodiazepine and z-drug use in switzerland: prevalence, prescription patterns and association with adverse healthcare outcomes
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1d777b9291564650b5ba724170a3af5f
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Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes

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