Clinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-19
ABSTRACT The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a threat to global health. The mortality rate of severely ill patients in the early stage is 32.5%. The exacerbation of the condition...
Guardado en:
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
American Society for Microbiology
2020
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/1d886a37d1ad4b3fba10cd297cf06889 |
| Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
| id |
oai:doaj.org-article:1d886a37d1ad4b3fba10cd297cf06889 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:1d886a37d1ad4b3fba10cd297cf068892021-11-15T15:30:50ZClinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-1910.1128/mSphere.00362-202379-5042https://doaj.org/article/1d886a37d1ad4b3fba10cd297cf068892020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00362-20https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a threat to global health. The mortality rate of severely ill patients in the early stage is 32.5%. The exacerbation of the condition and death of patients are closely associated with inflammatory cytokine storms, which are caused by excessive activation of the immune and complement systems as well as the coinfection of other pathogens. However, the immunological characteristics and the mechanisms underlying inflammatory storms have not been well elucidated. Here, we analyzed the clinical and immunological characteristics of 71 confirmed COVID-19 patients. Based on the National Health Commission of China (NHCC) guidelines, patients were stratified into mild and severe types. We compared the clinical and laboratory data obtained from electronic medical records between the two types. In regard to the hematological parameters, COVID-19 patients showed decreased erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocyte count, eosinophil count, and complement C1q, whereas neutrophils, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin were significantly increased, especially in severe cases. We also found that CD3+ CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD19+ B lymphocytes, and CD16+ CD56+ NK cells in the peripheral blood of all patients were decreased. In addition, CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD16+ CD56+ NK cells, and complement C1q in severely ill patients decreased more significantly. Additionally, interleukin 6 (IL-6) elevation was particularly prominent in all patients, especially in severe cases. These results suggest that CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD16+ CD56+ NK cells, C1q as well as IL-6 may play critical roles in the inflammatory cytokine storm. The dysregulation of these aforementioned immune parameters, along with bacterial coinfection, were the important causes of exacerbation of the patients’ condition and death. This study improves our understanding of the immune dysregulation of COVID-19 and provides potential immunotherapeutic strategies. IMPORTANCE The dysregulation of CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD16+ CD56+ NK cells, C1q as well as IL-6, along with bacterial coinfection, were important causes of exacerbation of the patients’ condition and death.Yingjie WuXiaoxing HuangJiaxing SunTian XieYufei LeiJamal MuhammadXinran LiXingruo ZengFuling ZhouHong QinLiang ShaoQiuping ZhangAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticlecoronavirusSARS-CoV-2COVID-19immunological characteristicsinflammatory cytokine storminfectionMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 5, Iss 4 (2020) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 immunological characteristics inflammatory cytokine storm infection Microbiology QR1-502 |
| spellingShingle |
coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 immunological characteristics inflammatory cytokine storm infection Microbiology QR1-502 Yingjie Wu Xiaoxing Huang Jiaxing Sun Tian Xie Yufei Lei Jamal Muhammad Xinran Li Xingruo Zeng Fuling Zhou Hong Qin Liang Shao Qiuping Zhang Clinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-19 |
| description |
ABSTRACT The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a threat to global health. The mortality rate of severely ill patients in the early stage is 32.5%. The exacerbation of the condition and death of patients are closely associated with inflammatory cytokine storms, which are caused by excessive activation of the immune and complement systems as well as the coinfection of other pathogens. However, the immunological characteristics and the mechanisms underlying inflammatory storms have not been well elucidated. Here, we analyzed the clinical and immunological characteristics of 71 confirmed COVID-19 patients. Based on the National Health Commission of China (NHCC) guidelines, patients were stratified into mild and severe types. We compared the clinical and laboratory data obtained from electronic medical records between the two types. In regard to the hematological parameters, COVID-19 patients showed decreased erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocyte count, eosinophil count, and complement C1q, whereas neutrophils, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin were significantly increased, especially in severe cases. We also found that CD3+ CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD19+ B lymphocytes, and CD16+ CD56+ NK cells in the peripheral blood of all patients were decreased. In addition, CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD16+ CD56+ NK cells, and complement C1q in severely ill patients decreased more significantly. Additionally, interleukin 6 (IL-6) elevation was particularly prominent in all patients, especially in severe cases. These results suggest that CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD16+ CD56+ NK cells, C1q as well as IL-6 may play critical roles in the inflammatory cytokine storm. The dysregulation of these aforementioned immune parameters, along with bacterial coinfection, were the important causes of exacerbation of the patients’ condition and death. This study improves our understanding of the immune dysregulation of COVID-19 and provides potential immunotherapeutic strategies. IMPORTANCE The dysregulation of CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD16+ CD56+ NK cells, C1q as well as IL-6, along with bacterial coinfection, were important causes of exacerbation of the patients’ condition and death. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Yingjie Wu Xiaoxing Huang Jiaxing Sun Tian Xie Yufei Lei Jamal Muhammad Xinran Li Xingruo Zeng Fuling Zhou Hong Qin Liang Shao Qiuping Zhang |
| author_facet |
Yingjie Wu Xiaoxing Huang Jiaxing Sun Tian Xie Yufei Lei Jamal Muhammad Xinran Li Xingruo Zeng Fuling Zhou Hong Qin Liang Shao Qiuping Zhang |
| author_sort |
Yingjie Wu |
| title |
Clinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-19 |
| title_short |
Clinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-19 |
| title_full |
Clinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr |
Clinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Clinical Characteristics and Immune Injury Mechanisms in 71 Patients with COVID-19 |
| title_sort |
clinical characteristics and immune injury mechanisms in 71 patients with covid-19 |
| publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/1d886a37d1ad4b3fba10cd297cf06889 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT yingjiewu clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT xiaoxinghuang clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT jiaxingsun clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT tianxie clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT yufeilei clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT jamalmuhammad clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT xinranli clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT xingruozeng clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT fulingzhou clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT hongqin clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT liangshao clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 AT qiupingzhang clinicalcharacteristicsandimmuneinjurymechanismsin71patientswithcovid19 |
| _version_ |
1718427872279920640 |