Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit

Abstract Probable mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling is investigated based on the introduction of “Brain”-triggered potential excitation signal smartly with a specific very low frequency (VLF) waves as a neuronal motor toolkit. Detection of this electric motor toolkit is attributed to i...

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Autores principales:	Sajedeh Karami, Mohammad Mahdi Doroodmand, Mahnaz Taherianfar, Amir Mutabi-Alavi, Nahid Nagshgar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1daac54686ba485ba84bc456b4bbd499
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1daac54686ba485ba84bc456b4bbd4992021-12-02T12:14:56ZMechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit10.1038/s41598-021-82118-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1daac54686ba485ba84bc456b4bbd4992021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82118-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Probable mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling is investigated based on the introduction of “Brain”-triggered potential excitation signal smartly with a specific very low frequency (VLF) waves as a neuronal motor toolkit. Detection of this electric motor toolkit is attributed to in-vitro precise analyses of a neural network of snail, along to the disconnected snail’s neuronal network as a control. This is achieved via rapid (real-time) electrical signals acquisition by blind patch-clamp method during micro-electrode implanting in the neurons at the gigaseal conditions by the surgery operations. This process is based on its waveform (potential excitation signal) detection by mathematical curve fitting process. The characterized waveform of this electrical signal is “Saw Tooth” that is smartly stimulated, alternatively, by the brain during triggering the action potential’s (AP’s) hyperpolarization zone at a certain time interval at the several µs levels. Triggering the neuron cells results in (1) observing a positive shift (10.0%, depending on the intensity of the triggering wave), and (2) major promotion in the electrical current from sub nano (n) to micro (µ) amper (nA, µA) levels. Direct tracing the time domain (i.e., electrical signal vs. time) and estimation of the frequency domain (diagram of electrical response vs. the applied electrical frequencies) by the “Discrete Fast Fourier Transform” algorithm approve the presence of bilateral and reversible electrical currents between axon and dendrite. This mechanism therefore opens a novel view about the neuronal motor toolkit mechanism, versus the general knowledge about the unilateral electrical current flow from axon to dendrite operations in as neural network. The reliability of this mechanism is evaluated via (1) sequential modulation and demodulation of the snail’s neuron network by a simulation electrical functions and sequentially evaluation of the neuronal current sensitivity between pA and nA (during the promotion of the signal-to-noise ratio, via averaging of 30 ± 1 (n = 15) and recycling the electrical cycles before any neuronal response); and (2) operation of the process on the differentiated stem cells. The interstice behavior is attributed to the effective role of Ca2+ channels (besides Na+ and K+ ionic pumping), during hyper/hypo calcium processes, evidenced by inductively coupled plasma as the selected analytical method. This phenomenon is also modeled during proposing quadrupole well potential levels in the neuron systems. This mechanism therefore points to the microprocessor behavior of neuron networks. Stimulation of the neuronal system based on this mechanism, not only controls the sensitivity of neuron electrical stimulation, but also would open a light window for more efficient operating the neuronal connectivity during providing interruptions by phenomena such as neurolysis as well as an efficient treatment of neuron-based disorders.Sajedeh KaramiMohammad Mahdi DoroodmandMahnaz TaherianfarAmir Mutabi-AlaviNahid NagshgarNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sajedeh Karami Mohammad Mahdi Doroodmand Mahnaz Taherianfar Amir Mutabi-Alavi Nahid Nagshgar Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
description	Abstract Probable mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling is investigated based on the introduction of “Brain”-triggered potential excitation signal smartly with a specific very low frequency (VLF) waves as a neuronal motor toolkit. Detection of this electric motor toolkit is attributed to in-vitro precise analyses of a neural network of snail, along to the disconnected snail’s neuronal network as a control. This is achieved via rapid (real-time) electrical signals acquisition by blind patch-clamp method during micro-electrode implanting in the neurons at the gigaseal conditions by the surgery operations. This process is based on its waveform (potential excitation signal) detection by mathematical curve fitting process. The characterized waveform of this electrical signal is “Saw Tooth” that is smartly stimulated, alternatively, by the brain during triggering the action potential’s (AP’s) hyperpolarization zone at a certain time interval at the several µs levels. Triggering the neuron cells results in (1) observing a positive shift (10.0%, depending on the intensity of the triggering wave), and (2) major promotion in the electrical current from sub nano (n) to micro (µ) amper (nA, µA) levels. Direct tracing the time domain (i.e., electrical signal vs. time) and estimation of the frequency domain (diagram of electrical response vs. the applied electrical frequencies) by the “Discrete Fast Fourier Transform” algorithm approve the presence of bilateral and reversible electrical currents between axon and dendrite. This mechanism therefore opens a novel view about the neuronal motor toolkit mechanism, versus the general knowledge about the unilateral electrical current flow from axon to dendrite operations in as neural network. The reliability of this mechanism is evaluated via (1) sequential modulation and demodulation of the snail’s neuron network by a simulation electrical functions and sequentially evaluation of the neuronal current sensitivity between pA and nA (during the promotion of the signal-to-noise ratio, via averaging of 30 ± 1 (n = 15) and recycling the electrical cycles before any neuronal response); and (2) operation of the process on the differentiated stem cells. The interstice behavior is attributed to the effective role of Ca2+ channels (besides Na+ and K+ ionic pumping), during hyper/hypo calcium processes, evidenced by inductively coupled plasma as the selected analytical method. This phenomenon is also modeled during proposing quadrupole well potential levels in the neuron systems. This mechanism therefore points to the microprocessor behavior of neuron networks. Stimulation of the neuronal system based on this mechanism, not only controls the sensitivity of neuron electrical stimulation, but also would open a light window for more efficient operating the neuronal connectivity during providing interruptions by phenomena such as neurolysis as well as an efficient treatment of neuron-based disorders.
format	article
author	Sajedeh Karami Mohammad Mahdi Doroodmand Mahnaz Taherianfar Amir Mutabi-Alavi Nahid Nagshgar
author_facet	Sajedeh Karami Mohammad Mahdi Doroodmand Mahnaz Taherianfar Amir Mutabi-Alavi Nahid Nagshgar
author_sort	Sajedeh Karami
title	Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_short	Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_full	Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_fullStr	Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
title_sort	mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1daac54686ba485ba84bc456b4bbd499
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Mechanism behind the neuronal ephaptic coupling during synchronizing by specific brain-triggered wave as neuronal motor toolkit

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