<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors

The microbiota has been reported to be closely associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, its involvement in the pathology of thymoma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify thymoma-specific microbiota using resected thymoma samples. Nineteen thymoma tissue samples...

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Autores principales:	Rumi Higuchi, Taichiro Goto, Yosuke Hirotsu, Sotaro Otake, Toshio Oyama, Kenji Amemiya, Hiroshi Ohyama, Hitoshi Mochizuki, Masao Omata
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	thymoma microbiome 16S RNA sequencing genera driver mutation Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1dc640c7d37b412993b273c5ff18ed99
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1dc640c7d37b412993b273c5ff18ed992021-11-25T18:07:05Z<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors10.3390/jpm111110922075-4426https://doaj.org/article/1dc640c7d37b412993b273c5ff18ed992021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1092https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4426The microbiota has been reported to be closely associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, its involvement in the pathology of thymoma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify thymoma-specific microbiota using resected thymoma samples. Nineteen thymoma tissue samples were analyzed through polymerase chain reaction amplification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The subjects were grouped according to histology, driver mutation status in the <i>GTF2I</i> gene, PD-L1 status, and smoking habits. To identify the taxa composition of each sample, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were classified on the effective tags with 97% identity. The Shannon Index of the 97% identity OTUs was calculated to evaluate the alpha diversity. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) method was used to compare the relative abundances of all the bacterial taxa. We identified 107 OTUs in the tumor tissues, which were classified into 26 genera. <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Phenylobacterium</i> were identified as abundant genera in almost all the samples. No significant difference was determined in the alpha diversity within these groups; however, type A thymoma tended to exhibit a higher bacterial diversity than type B thymoma. Through the LEfSe analysis, we identified the following differentially abundant taxa: Bacilli, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillales in type A thymoma; Proteobacteria in type B thymoma; Gammaproteobacteria in tumors harboring the <i>GTF2I</i> mutation; and Alphaproteobacteria in tumors without the <i>GTF2I</i> mutation. In conclusion, <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Phenylobacterium</i> were identified as dominant genera in thymic epithelial tumors. These genera appear to comprise the thymoma-specific microbiota.Rumi HiguchiTaichiro GotoYosuke HirotsuSotaro OtakeToshio OyamaKenji AmemiyaHiroshi OhyamaHitoshi MochizukiMasao OmataMDPI AGarticlethymomamicrobiome16S RNA sequencinggeneradriver mutationMedicineRENJournal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1092, p 1092 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	thymoma microbiome 16S RNA sequencing genera driver mutation Medicine R
spellingShingle	thymoma microbiome 16S RNA sequencing genera driver mutation Medicine R Rumi Higuchi Taichiro Goto Yosuke Hirotsu Sotaro Otake Toshio Oyama Kenji Amemiya Hiroshi Ohyama Hitoshi Mochizuki Masao Omata <em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors
description	The microbiota has been reported to be closely associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, its involvement in the pathology of thymoma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify thymoma-specific microbiota using resected thymoma samples. Nineteen thymoma tissue samples were analyzed through polymerase chain reaction amplification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The subjects were grouped according to histology, driver mutation status in the <i>GTF2I</i> gene, PD-L1 status, and smoking habits. To identify the taxa composition of each sample, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were classified on the effective tags with 97% identity. The Shannon Index of the 97% identity OTUs was calculated to evaluate the alpha diversity. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) method was used to compare the relative abundances of all the bacterial taxa. We identified 107 OTUs in the tumor tissues, which were classified into 26 genera. <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Phenylobacterium</i> were identified as abundant genera in almost all the samples. No significant difference was determined in the alpha diversity within these groups; however, type A thymoma tended to exhibit a higher bacterial diversity than type B thymoma. Through the LEfSe analysis, we identified the following differentially abundant taxa: Bacilli, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillales in type A thymoma; Proteobacteria in type B thymoma; Gammaproteobacteria in tumors harboring the <i>GTF2I</i> mutation; and Alphaproteobacteria in tumors without the <i>GTF2I</i> mutation. In conclusion, <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Phenylobacterium</i> were identified as dominant genera in thymic epithelial tumors. These genera appear to comprise the thymoma-specific microbiota.
format	article
author	Rumi Higuchi Taichiro Goto Yosuke Hirotsu Sotaro Otake Toshio Oyama Kenji Amemiya Hiroshi Ohyama Hitoshi Mochizuki Masao Omata
author_facet	Rumi Higuchi Taichiro Goto Yosuke Hirotsu Sotaro Otake Toshio Oyama Kenji Amemiya Hiroshi Ohyama Hitoshi Mochizuki Masao Omata
author_sort	Rumi Higuchi
title	<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors
title_short	<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors
title_full	<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors
title_fullStr	<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors
title_full_unstemmed	<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors
title_sort	<em>sphingomonas</em> and <em>phenylobacterium</em> as major microbiota in thymic epithelial tumors
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1dc640c7d37b412993b273c5ff18ed99
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<em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Phenylobacterium</em> as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors

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