Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an adult derived stem cell-like population that has been shown to mediate repair in a wide range of degenerative disorders. The protective effects of MSCs are mainly mediated by the release of growth factors and cytokines thereby modulating the diseased environme...

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Autores principales:	Athanasia Warnecke, Jennifer Harre, Matthew Shew, Adam J. Mellott, Igor Majewski, Martin Durisin, Hinrich Staecker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	noise trauma hearing loss mesenchymal stroma cells Wharton’s jelly cochlear transcriptome hearing protection Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1ddf6581bee346c9ab38d1bcadb3854f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1ddf6581bee346c9ab38d1bcadb3854f2021-11-30T14:47:13ZSuccessful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways1662-510210.3389/fncel.2021.656930https://doaj.org/article/1ddf6581bee346c9ab38d1bcadb3854f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.656930/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5102Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an adult derived stem cell-like population that has been shown to mediate repair in a wide range of degenerative disorders. The protective effects of MSCs are mainly mediated by the release of growth factors and cytokines thereby modulating the diseased environment and the immune system. Within the inner ear, MSCs have been shown protective against tissue damage induced by sound and a variety of ototoxins. To better understand the mechanism of action of MSCs in the inner ear, mice were exposed to narrow band noise. After exposure, MSCs derived from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly were injected into the perilymph. Controls consisted of mice exposed to sound trauma only. Forty-eight hours post-cell delivery, total RNA was extracted from the cochlea and RNAseq performed to evaluate the gene expression induced by the cell therapy. Changes in gene expression were grouped together based on gene ontology classification. A separate cohort of animals was treated in a similar fashion and allowed to survive for 2 weeks post-cell therapy and hearing outcomes determined. Treatment with MSCs after severe sound trauma induced a moderate hearing protective effect. MSC treatment resulted in an up-regulation of genes related to immune modulation, hypoxia response, mitochondrial function and regulation of apoptosis. There was a down-regulation of genes related to synaptic remodeling, calcium homeostasis and the extracellular matrix. Application of MSCs may provide a novel approach to treating sound trauma induced hearing loss and may aid in the identification of novel strategies to protect hearing.Athanasia WarneckeAthanasia WarneckeJennifer HarreJennifer HarreMatthew ShewAdam J. MellottIgor MajewskiMartin DurisinHinrich StaeckerFrontiers Media S.A.articlenoise traumahearing lossmesenchymal stroma cellsWharton’s jellycochlear transcriptomehearing protectionNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	noise trauma hearing loss mesenchymal stroma cells Wharton’s jelly cochlear transcriptome hearing protection Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	noise trauma hearing loss mesenchymal stroma cells Wharton’s jelly cochlear transcriptome hearing protection Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Athanasia Warnecke Athanasia Warnecke Jennifer Harre Jennifer Harre Matthew Shew Adam J. Mellott Igor Majewski Martin Durisin Hinrich Staecker Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways
description	Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an adult derived stem cell-like population that has been shown to mediate repair in a wide range of degenerative disorders. The protective effects of MSCs are mainly mediated by the release of growth factors and cytokines thereby modulating the diseased environment and the immune system. Within the inner ear, MSCs have been shown protective against tissue damage induced by sound and a variety of ototoxins. To better understand the mechanism of action of MSCs in the inner ear, mice were exposed to narrow band noise. After exposure, MSCs derived from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly were injected into the perilymph. Controls consisted of mice exposed to sound trauma only. Forty-eight hours post-cell delivery, total RNA was extracted from the cochlea and RNAseq performed to evaluate the gene expression induced by the cell therapy. Changes in gene expression were grouped together based on gene ontology classification. A separate cohort of animals was treated in a similar fashion and allowed to survive for 2 weeks post-cell therapy and hearing outcomes determined. Treatment with MSCs after severe sound trauma induced a moderate hearing protective effect. MSC treatment resulted in an up-regulation of genes related to immune modulation, hypoxia response, mitochondrial function and regulation of apoptosis. There was a down-regulation of genes related to synaptic remodeling, calcium homeostasis and the extracellular matrix. Application of MSCs may provide a novel approach to treating sound trauma induced hearing loss and may aid in the identification of novel strategies to protect hearing.
format	article
author	Athanasia Warnecke Athanasia Warnecke Jennifer Harre Jennifer Harre Matthew Shew Adam J. Mellott Igor Majewski Martin Durisin Hinrich Staecker
author_facet	Athanasia Warnecke Athanasia Warnecke Jennifer Harre Jennifer Harre Matthew Shew Adam J. Mellott Igor Majewski Martin Durisin Hinrich Staecker
author_sort	Athanasia Warnecke
title	Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways
title_short	Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways
title_full	Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways
title_fullStr	Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways
title_full_unstemmed	Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways
title_sort	successful treatment of noise-induced hearing loss by mesenchymal stromal cells: an rnaseq analysis of protective/repair pathways
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1ddf6581bee346c9ab38d1bcadb3854f
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Successful Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: An RNAseq Analysis of Protective/Repair Pathways

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