Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)

Soil contamination with heavy metals is an emerging concern in the modern era, affecting all forms of life. Pigeon pea is a multi-use shrub with medicinal and nutritional values. On the basis of a randomized complete design, we investigated in the current project the combined cadmium (Cd) and copper...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Khizar Hayat, Asif Khan, Farkhanda Bibi, Salahuddin, Waheed Murad, Yujie Fu, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Mohammed Alqarni, Ajmal Khan, Ahmed Al-Harrasi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	metals cumulative stress oxidative damage antioxidant enzymes medicinal properties pigeon pea Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1dec10c7c8bc4263a057c2e03de7c4d9
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:1dec10c7c8bc4263a057c2e03de7c4d9
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1dec10c7c8bc4263a057c2e03de7c4d92021-11-25T18:20:47ZEffect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)10.3390/metabo111107692218-1989https://doaj.org/article/1dec10c7c8bc4263a057c2e03de7c4d92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/11/769https://doaj.org/toc/2218-1989Soil contamination with heavy metals is an emerging concern in the modern era, affecting all forms of life. Pigeon pea is a multi-use shrub with medicinal and nutritional values. On the basis of a randomized complete design, we investigated in the current project the combined cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) effect on plant growth and physio-chemical/medicinal properties of pigeon pea. Three-week-old seedlings were grown in combined Cd and Cu amended soil with increasing metal concentrations (control, 20 + 30 mg/kg, 40 + 60 mg/kg, and 60 + 90 mg/kg) for three months. At high-dose metal cumulative stress (60 + 90 mg/kg), plant shoot and root growth in terms of plant height as well as fresh and dry weight were significantly inhibited in association with decreased photosynthetic attributes (chlorophyll a and b contents, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations) and diminished nutrient contents. Cd and Cu at high amounts inflicted oxidative stresses as assessed in elevated lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), and electrolyte leakage contents. Antioxidant enzyme activities, namely, those of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), were enhanced, along with proline content with increasing metal quantity. Phenolics and flavonoids exhibited a diverse response regarding metal concentration, and their biosynthesis was significantly suppressed at high Cd and Cu cumulative stress. The reduction in secondary metabolites may account for declined medicinal properties of pigeon pea as appraised in reduced antibacterial, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric-reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) activities. Our results clearly demonstrate that the exposure of pigeon pea to Cd- and Cu-contaminated soil might affect consumers due to the presence of metals and the negligible efficacy of the herbal products.Khizar HayatAsif KhanFarkhanda BibiSalahuddinWaheed MuradYujie FuGaber El-Saber BatihaMohammed AlqarniAjmal KhanAhmed Al-HarrasiMDPI AGarticlemetals cumulative stressoxidative damageantioxidant enzymesmedicinal propertiespigeon peaMicrobiologyQR1-502ENMetabolites, Vol 11, Iss 769, p 769 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	metals cumulative stress oxidative damage antioxidant enzymes medicinal properties pigeon pea Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	metals cumulative stress oxidative damage antioxidant enzymes medicinal properties pigeon pea Microbiology QR1-502 Khizar Hayat Asif Khan Farkhanda Bibi Salahuddin Waheed Murad Yujie Fu Gaber El-Saber Batiha Mohammed Alqarni Ajmal Khan Ahmed Al-Harrasi Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)
description	Soil contamination with heavy metals is an emerging concern in the modern era, affecting all forms of life. Pigeon pea is a multi-use shrub with medicinal and nutritional values. On the basis of a randomized complete design, we investigated in the current project the combined cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) effect on plant growth and physio-chemical/medicinal properties of pigeon pea. Three-week-old seedlings were grown in combined Cd and Cu amended soil with increasing metal concentrations (control, 20 + 30 mg/kg, 40 + 60 mg/kg, and 60 + 90 mg/kg) for three months. At high-dose metal cumulative stress (60 + 90 mg/kg), plant shoot and root growth in terms of plant height as well as fresh and dry weight were significantly inhibited in association with decreased photosynthetic attributes (chlorophyll a and b contents, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations) and diminished nutrient contents. Cd and Cu at high amounts inflicted oxidative stresses as assessed in elevated lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), and electrolyte leakage contents. Antioxidant enzyme activities, namely, those of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), were enhanced, along with proline content with increasing metal quantity. Phenolics and flavonoids exhibited a diverse response regarding metal concentration, and their biosynthesis was significantly suppressed at high Cd and Cu cumulative stress. The reduction in secondary metabolites may account for declined medicinal properties of pigeon pea as appraised in reduced antibacterial, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric-reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) activities. Our results clearly demonstrate that the exposure of pigeon pea to Cd- and Cu-contaminated soil might affect consumers due to the presence of metals and the negligible efficacy of the herbal products.
format	article
author	Khizar Hayat Asif Khan Farkhanda Bibi Salahuddin Waheed Murad Yujie Fu Gaber El-Saber Batiha Mohammed Alqarni Ajmal Khan Ahmed Al-Harrasi
author_facet	Khizar Hayat Asif Khan Farkhanda Bibi Salahuddin Waheed Murad Yujie Fu Gaber El-Saber Batiha Mohammed Alqarni Ajmal Khan Ahmed Al-Harrasi
author_sort	Khizar Hayat
title	Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)
title_short	Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)
title_full	Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)
title_fullStr	Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)
title_sort	effect of cadmium and copper exposure on growth, physio-chemicals and medicinal properties of <i>cajanus cajan</i> l. (pigeon pea)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1dec10c7c8bc4263a057c2e03de7c4d9
work_keys_str_mv	AT khizarhayat effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT asifkhan effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT farkhandabibi effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT salahuddin effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT waheedmurad effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT yujiefu effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT gaberelsaberbatiha effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT mohammedalqarni effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT ajmalkhan effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea AT ahmedalharrasi effectofcadmiumandcopperexposureongrowthphysiochemicalsandmedicinalpropertiesoficajanuscajanilpigeonpea
_version_	1718411305826648064

Effect of Cadmium and Copper Exposure on Growth, Physio-Chemicals and Medicinal Properties of <i>Cajanus cajan</i> L. (Pigeon Pea)

Ejemplares similares