Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.

Successful eutrophication control strategies need to address the limiting nutrient. We conducted a battery of laboratory and in situ nutrient-limitation tests with waters collected from 9 streams in an agricultural region of the upper Snake River basin, Idaho, USA. Laboratory tests used the green al...

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Autores principales:	Christopher A Mebane, Andrew M Ray, Amy M Marcarelli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1dfd691ca2aa4de8a33021ae884813cd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1dfd691ca2aa4de8a33021ae884813cd2021-12-02T20:07:05ZNutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252904https://doaj.org/article/1dfd691ca2aa4de8a33021ae884813cd2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252904https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Successful eutrophication control strategies need to address the limiting nutrient. We conducted a battery of laboratory and in situ nutrient-limitation tests with waters collected from 9 streams in an agricultural region of the upper Snake River basin, Idaho, USA. Laboratory tests used the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata, the macrophyte Lemna minor (duckweed) with native epiphytes, and in situ nutrient-limitation tests of periphyton were conducted with nutrient-diffusing substrates (NDS). In the duckweed/epiphyte test, P saturation occurred when concentrations reached about 100 μg/L. Chlorophyll a in epiphytic periphyton was stimulated at low P additions and by about 100 μg/L P, epiphytic periphyton chlorophyll a appeared to be P saturated. Both duckweed and epiphyte response patterns with total N were weaker but suggested a growth stimulation threshold for duckweed when total N concentrations exceeded about 300 μg/L and approached saturation at the highest N concentration tested, 1300 μg/L. Nutrient uptake by epiphytes and macrophytes removed up to 70 and 90% of the N and P, respectively. The green algae and the NDS nutrient-limitation test results were mostly congruent; N and P co-limitation was the most frequent result for both test series. Across all tests, when N:P molar ratios >30 (mass ratios >14), algae or macrophyte growth was P limited; N limitation was observed at N:P molar ratios up to 23 (mass ratios up to 10). A comparison of ambient periphyton chlorophyll a concentrations with chlorophyll a accrued on control artificial substrates in N-limited streams, suggests that total N concentrations associated with a periphyton chlorophyll a benchmark for desirable or undesirable conditions for recreation would be about 600 to 1000 μg/L total N, respectively. For P-limited streams, the corresponding benchmark concentrations were about 50 to 90 μg/L total P, respectively. Our approach of integrating controlled experiments and matched biomonitoring field surveys was cost effective and more informative than either approach alone.Christopher A MebaneAndrew M RayAmy M MarcarelliPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0252904 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christopher A Mebane Andrew M Ray Amy M Marcarelli Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.
description	Successful eutrophication control strategies need to address the limiting nutrient. We conducted a battery of laboratory and in situ nutrient-limitation tests with waters collected from 9 streams in an agricultural region of the upper Snake River basin, Idaho, USA. Laboratory tests used the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata, the macrophyte Lemna minor (duckweed) with native epiphytes, and in situ nutrient-limitation tests of periphyton were conducted with nutrient-diffusing substrates (NDS). In the duckweed/epiphyte test, P saturation occurred when concentrations reached about 100 μg/L. Chlorophyll a in epiphytic periphyton was stimulated at low P additions and by about 100 μg/L P, epiphytic periphyton chlorophyll a appeared to be P saturated. Both duckweed and epiphyte response patterns with total N were weaker but suggested a growth stimulation threshold for duckweed when total N concentrations exceeded about 300 μg/L and approached saturation at the highest N concentration tested, 1300 μg/L. Nutrient uptake by epiphytes and macrophytes removed up to 70 and 90% of the N and P, respectively. The green algae and the NDS nutrient-limitation test results were mostly congruent; N and P co-limitation was the most frequent result for both test series. Across all tests, when N:P molar ratios >30 (mass ratios >14), algae or macrophyte growth was P limited; N limitation was observed at N:P molar ratios up to 23 (mass ratios up to 10). A comparison of ambient periphyton chlorophyll a concentrations with chlorophyll a accrued on control artificial substrates in N-limited streams, suggests that total N concentrations associated with a periphyton chlorophyll a benchmark for desirable or undesirable conditions for recreation would be about 600 to 1000 μg/L total N, respectively. For P-limited streams, the corresponding benchmark concentrations were about 50 to 90 μg/L total P, respectively. Our approach of integrating controlled experiments and matched biomonitoring field surveys was cost effective and more informative than either approach alone.
format	article
author	Christopher A Mebane Andrew M Ray Amy M Marcarelli
author_facet	Christopher A Mebane Andrew M Ray Amy M Marcarelli
author_sort	Christopher A Mebane
title	Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.
title_short	Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.
title_full	Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.
title_fullStr	Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.
title_full_unstemmed	Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.
title_sort	nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1dfd691ca2aa4de8a33021ae884813cd
work_keys_str_mv	AT christopheramebane nutrientlimitationofalgaeandmacrophytesinstreamsintegratinglaboratorybioassaysfieldexperimentsandfielddata AT andrewmray nutrientlimitationofalgaeandmacrophytesinstreamsintegratinglaboratorybioassaysfieldexperimentsandfielddata AT amymmarcarelli nutrientlimitationofalgaeandmacrophytesinstreamsintegratinglaboratorybioassaysfieldexperimentsandfielddata
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Nutrient limitation of algae and macrophytes in streams: Integrating laboratory bioassays, field experiments, and field data.

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