Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination

The emergence of effective vaccines for COVID-19 has been welcomed by the world with great optimism. Given their increased susceptibility to COVID-19, the question arises whether individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other metabolic conditions can respond effectively to the mRNA-based...

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Autores principales:	Hamad Ali, Abdulmohsen Alterki, Sardar Sindhu, Barrak Alahmad, Maha Hammad, Salman Al-Sabah, Mohammad Alghounaim, Mohammad H. Jamal, Ali Aldei, Mohammad J. Mairza, Maitham Husain, Sriraman Deverajan, Rasheed Ahmad, Preethi Cherian, Irina Alkhairi, Abdullah Alkandari, Jehad Abubaker, Mohamed Abu-Farha, Fahd Al-Mulla
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 diabetes mellitus type 2 vaccine mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 T2D Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1e20e1ab130b4508b7d668fccca55432
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1e20e1ab130b4508b7d668fccca554322021-11-30T19:16:52ZRobust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.752233https://doaj.org/article/1e20e1ab130b4508b7d668fccca554322021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.752233/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224The emergence of effective vaccines for COVID-19 has been welcomed by the world with great optimism. Given their increased susceptibility to COVID-19, the question arises whether individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other metabolic conditions can respond effectively to the mRNA-based vaccine. We aimed to evaluate the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies in people with T2DM and/or other metabolic risk factors (hypertension and obesity) compared to those without. This study included 262 people (81 diabetic and 181 non-diabetic persons) that took two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) mRNA vaccine. Both T2DM and non-diabetic individuals had a robust response to vaccination as demonstrated by their high antibody titers. However, both SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies titers were lower in people with T2DM. The mean ( ± 1 standard deviation) levels were 154 ± 49.1 vs. 138 ± 59.4 BAU/ml for IgG and 87.1 ± 11.6 vs. 79.7 ± 19.5% for neutralizing antibodies in individuals without diabetes compared to those with T2DM, respectively. In a multiple linear regression adjusted for individual characteristics, comorbidities, previous COVID-19 infection, and duration since second vaccine dose, diabetics had 13.86 BAU/ml (95% CI: 27.08 to 0.64 BAU/ml, p=0.041) less IgG antibodies and 4.42% (95% CI: 8.53 to 0.32%, p=0.036) fewer neutralizing antibodies than non-diabetics. Hypertension and obesity did not show significant changes in antibody titers. Taken together, both type-2 diabetic and non-diabetic individuals elicited strong immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine; nonetheless, lower levels were seen in people with diabetes. Continuous monitoring of the antibody levels might be a good indicator to guide personalized needs for further booster shots to maintain adaptive immunity. Nonetheless, it is important that people get their COVID-19 vaccination especially people with diabetes.Hamad AliHamad AliAbdulmohsen AlterkiAbdulmohsen AlterkiSardar SindhuSardar SindhuBarrak AlahmadMaha HammadSalman Al-SabahMohammad AlghounaimMohammad H. JamalAli AldeiMohammad J. MairzaMaitham HusainSriraman DeverajanRasheed AhmadPreethi CherianIrina AlkhairiAbdullah AlkandariJehad AbubakerMohamed Abu-FarhaFahd Al-MullaFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19diabetes mellitus type 2vaccinemRNA vaccineBNT162b2T2DImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 diabetes mellitus type 2 vaccine mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 T2D Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	COVID-19 diabetes mellitus type 2 vaccine mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 T2D Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Hamad Ali Hamad Ali Abdulmohsen Alterki Abdulmohsen Alterki Sardar Sindhu Sardar Sindhu Barrak Alahmad Maha Hammad Salman Al-Sabah Mohammad Alghounaim Mohammad H. Jamal Ali Aldei Mohammad J. Mairza Maitham Husain Sriraman Deverajan Rasheed Ahmad Preethi Cherian Irina Alkhairi Abdullah Alkandari Jehad Abubaker Mohamed Abu-Farha Fahd Al-Mulla Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
description	The emergence of effective vaccines for COVID-19 has been welcomed by the world with great optimism. Given their increased susceptibility to COVID-19, the question arises whether individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other metabolic conditions can respond effectively to the mRNA-based vaccine. We aimed to evaluate the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies in people with T2DM and/or other metabolic risk factors (hypertension and obesity) compared to those without. This study included 262 people (81 diabetic and 181 non-diabetic persons) that took two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) mRNA vaccine. Both T2DM and non-diabetic individuals had a robust response to vaccination as demonstrated by their high antibody titers. However, both SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies titers were lower in people with T2DM. The mean ( ± 1 standard deviation) levels were 154 ± 49.1 vs. 138 ± 59.4 BAU/ml for IgG and 87.1 ± 11.6 vs. 79.7 ± 19.5% for neutralizing antibodies in individuals without diabetes compared to those with T2DM, respectively. In a multiple linear regression adjusted for individual characteristics, comorbidities, previous COVID-19 infection, and duration since second vaccine dose, diabetics had 13.86 BAU/ml (95% CI: 27.08 to 0.64 BAU/ml, p=0.041) less IgG antibodies and 4.42% (95% CI: 8.53 to 0.32%, p=0.036) fewer neutralizing antibodies than non-diabetics. Hypertension and obesity did not show significant changes in antibody titers. Taken together, both type-2 diabetic and non-diabetic individuals elicited strong immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine; nonetheless, lower levels were seen in people with diabetes. Continuous monitoring of the antibody levels might be a good indicator to guide personalized needs for further booster shots to maintain adaptive immunity. Nonetheless, it is important that people get their COVID-19 vaccination especially people with diabetes.
format	article
author	Hamad Ali Hamad Ali Abdulmohsen Alterki Abdulmohsen Alterki Sardar Sindhu Sardar Sindhu Barrak Alahmad Maha Hammad Salman Al-Sabah Mohammad Alghounaim Mohammad H. Jamal Ali Aldei Mohammad J. Mairza Maitham Husain Sriraman Deverajan Rasheed Ahmad Preethi Cherian Irina Alkhairi Abdullah Alkandari Jehad Abubaker Mohamed Abu-Farha Fahd Al-Mulla
author_facet	Hamad Ali Hamad Ali Abdulmohsen Alterki Abdulmohsen Alterki Sardar Sindhu Sardar Sindhu Barrak Alahmad Maha Hammad Salman Al-Sabah Mohammad Alghounaim Mohammad H. Jamal Ali Aldei Mohammad J. Mairza Maitham Husain Sriraman Deverajan Rasheed Ahmad Preethi Cherian Irina Alkhairi Abdullah Alkandari Jehad Abubaker Mohamed Abu-Farha Fahd Al-Mulla
author_sort	Hamad Ali
title	Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_short	Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_full	Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_fullStr	Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_full_unstemmed	Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
title_sort	robust antibody levels in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals after bnt162b2 mrna covid-19 vaccination
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1e20e1ab130b4508b7d668fccca55432
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Robust Antibody Levels in Both Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals After BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination

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