Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells

Abstract Nanoparticles have drawn intense interest as delivery agents for diagnosing and treating various cancers. Much of the early success was driven by passive targeting mechanisms such as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, but this has failed to lead to the expected clinical s...

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Autores principales:	Elliot Y. Makhani, Ailin Zhang, Jered B. Haun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Nanoparticle Targeting Multivalent adhesions Bond biophysics Simulation Technology T Chemical technology TP1-1185 Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Science Q Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1e37e2fb6d6e419b891dcdfbc0bc7383
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1e37e2fb6d6e419b891dcdfbc0bc73832021-12-05T12:23:47ZQuantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells10.1186/s40580-021-00288-12196-5404https://doaj.org/article/1e37e2fb6d6e419b891dcdfbc0bc73832021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40580-021-00288-1https://doaj.org/toc/2196-5404Abstract Nanoparticles have drawn intense interest as delivery agents for diagnosing and treating various cancers. Much of the early success was driven by passive targeting mechanisms such as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, but this has failed to lead to the expected clinical successes. Active targeting involves binding interactions between the nanoparticle and cancer cells, which promotes tumor cell-specific accumulation and internalization. Furthermore, nanoparticles are large enough to facilitate multiple bond formation, which can improve adhesive properties substantially in comparison to the single bond case. While multivalent binding is universally believed to be an attribute of nanoparticles, it is a complex process that is still poorly understood and difficult to control. In this review, we will first discuss experimental studies that have elucidated roles for parameters such as nanoparticle size and shape, targeting ligand and target receptor densities, and monovalent binding kinetics on multivalent nanoparticle adhesion efficiency and cellular internalization. Although such experimental studies are very insightful, information is limited and confounded by numerous differences across experimental systems. Thus, we focus the second part of the review on theoretical aspects of binding, including kinetics, biomechanics, and transport physics. Finally, we discuss various computational and simulation studies of nanoparticle adhesion, including advanced treatments that compare directly to experimental results. Future work will ideally continue to combine experimental data and advanced computational studies to extend our knowledge of multivalent adhesion, as well as design the most powerful nanoparticle-based agents to treat cancer.Elliot Y. MakhaniAilin ZhangJered B. HaunSpringerOpenarticleNanoparticleTargetingMultivalent adhesionsBond biophysicsSimulationTechnologyTChemical technologyTP1-1185BiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ScienceQPhysicsQC1-999ENNano Convergence, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-23 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Nanoparticle Targeting Multivalent adhesions Bond biophysics Simulation Technology T Chemical technology TP1-1185 Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Science Q Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	Nanoparticle Targeting Multivalent adhesions Bond biophysics Simulation Technology T Chemical technology TP1-1185 Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Science Q Physics QC1-999 Elliot Y. Makhani Ailin Zhang Jered B. Haun Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells
description	Abstract Nanoparticles have drawn intense interest as delivery agents for diagnosing and treating various cancers. Much of the early success was driven by passive targeting mechanisms such as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, but this has failed to lead to the expected clinical successes. Active targeting involves binding interactions between the nanoparticle and cancer cells, which promotes tumor cell-specific accumulation and internalization. Furthermore, nanoparticles are large enough to facilitate multiple bond formation, which can improve adhesive properties substantially in comparison to the single bond case. While multivalent binding is universally believed to be an attribute of nanoparticles, it is a complex process that is still poorly understood and difficult to control. In this review, we will first discuss experimental studies that have elucidated roles for parameters such as nanoparticle size and shape, targeting ligand and target receptor densities, and monovalent binding kinetics on multivalent nanoparticle adhesion efficiency and cellular internalization. Although such experimental studies are very insightful, information is limited and confounded by numerous differences across experimental systems. Thus, we focus the second part of the review on theoretical aspects of binding, including kinetics, biomechanics, and transport physics. Finally, we discuss various computational and simulation studies of nanoparticle adhesion, including advanced treatments that compare directly to experimental results. Future work will ideally continue to combine experimental data and advanced computational studies to extend our knowledge of multivalent adhesion, as well as design the most powerful nanoparticle-based agents to treat cancer.
format	article
author	Elliot Y. Makhani Ailin Zhang Jered B. Haun
author_facet	Elliot Y. Makhani Ailin Zhang Jered B. Haun
author_sort	Elliot Y. Makhani
title	Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells
title_short	Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells
title_full	Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells
title_fullStr	Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells
title_full_unstemmed	Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells
title_sort	quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1e37e2fb6d6e419b891dcdfbc0bc7383
work_keys_str_mv	AT elliotymakhani quantifyingandcontrollingbondmultivalencyforadvancednanoparticletargetingtocells AT ailinzhang quantifyingandcontrollingbondmultivalencyforadvancednanoparticletargetingtocells AT jeredbhaun quantifyingandcontrollingbondmultivalencyforadvancednanoparticletargetingtocells
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Quantifying and controlling bond multivalency for advanced nanoparticle targeting to cells

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