Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.

<h4>Background</h4>The ability to recognize the faces of potential cooperators and cheaters is fundamental to social exchanges, given that cooperation for mutual benefit is expected. Studies addressing biases in face recognition have so far proved inconclusive, with reports of biases tow...

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Autores principales:	Fatima Maria Felisberti, Louisa Pavey
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1e469f09f66f407ca510ad001133bcc3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1e469f09f66f407ca510ad001133bcc32021-11-18T06:34:51ZContextual modulation of biases in face recognition.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0012939https://doaj.org/article/1e469f09f66f407ca510ad001133bcc32010-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20886086/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The ability to recognize the faces of potential cooperators and cheaters is fundamental to social exchanges, given that cooperation for mutual benefit is expected. Studies addressing biases in face recognition have so far proved inconclusive, with reports of biases towards faces of cheaters, biases towards faces of cooperators, or no biases at all. This study attempts to uncover possible causes underlying such discrepancies.<h4>Methodology and findings</h4>Four experiments were designed to investigate biases in face recognition during social exchanges when behavioral descriptors (prosocial, antisocial or neutral) embedded in different scenarios were tagged to faces during memorization. Face recognition, measured as accuracy and response latency, was tested with modified yes-no, forced-choice and recall tasks (N = 174). An enhanced recognition of faces tagged with prosocial descriptors was observed when the encoding scenario involved financial transactions and the rules of the social contract were not explicit (experiments 1 and 2). Such bias was eliminated or attenuated by making participants explicitly aware of "cooperative", "cheating" and "neutral/indifferent" behaviors via a pre-test questionnaire and then adding such tags to behavioral descriptors (experiment 3). Further, in a social judgment scenario with descriptors of salient moral behaviors, recognition of antisocial and prosocial faces was similar, but significantly better than neutral faces (experiment 4).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The results highlight the relevance of descriptors and scenarios of social exchange in face recognition, when the frequency of prosocial and antisocial individuals in a group is similar. Recognition biases towards prosocial faces emerged when descriptors did not state the rules of a social contract or the moral status of a behavior, and they point to the existence of broad and flexible cognitive abilities finely tuned to minor changes in social context.Fatima Maria FelisbertiLouisa PaveyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 9, p e12939 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Fatima Maria Felisberti Louisa Pavey Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The ability to recognize the faces of potential cooperators and cheaters is fundamental to social exchanges, given that cooperation for mutual benefit is expected. Studies addressing biases in face recognition have so far proved inconclusive, with reports of biases towards faces of cheaters, biases towards faces of cooperators, or no biases at all. This study attempts to uncover possible causes underlying such discrepancies.<h4>Methodology and findings</h4>Four experiments were designed to investigate biases in face recognition during social exchanges when behavioral descriptors (prosocial, antisocial or neutral) embedded in different scenarios were tagged to faces during memorization. Face recognition, measured as accuracy and response latency, was tested with modified yes-no, forced-choice and recall tasks (N = 174). An enhanced recognition of faces tagged with prosocial descriptors was observed when the encoding scenario involved financial transactions and the rules of the social contract were not explicit (experiments 1 and 2). Such bias was eliminated or attenuated by making participants explicitly aware of "cooperative", "cheating" and "neutral/indifferent" behaviors via a pre-test questionnaire and then adding such tags to behavioral descriptors (experiment 3). Further, in a social judgment scenario with descriptors of salient moral behaviors, recognition of antisocial and prosocial faces was similar, but significantly better than neutral faces (experiment 4).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The results highlight the relevance of descriptors and scenarios of social exchange in face recognition, when the frequency of prosocial and antisocial individuals in a group is similar. Recognition biases towards prosocial faces emerged when descriptors did not state the rules of a social contract or the moral status of a behavior, and they point to the existence of broad and flexible cognitive abilities finely tuned to minor changes in social context.
format	article
author	Fatima Maria Felisberti Louisa Pavey
author_facet	Fatima Maria Felisberti Louisa Pavey
author_sort	Fatima Maria Felisberti
title	Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.
title_short	Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.
title_full	Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.
title_fullStr	Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.
title_full_unstemmed	Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.
title_sort	contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/1e469f09f66f407ca510ad001133bcc3
work_keys_str_mv	AT fatimamariafelisberti contextualmodulationofbiasesinfacerecognition AT louisapavey contextualmodulationofbiasesinfacerecognition
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Contextual modulation of biases in face recognition.

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