NOD2 and inflammation: current insights

Anna Negroni,1 Maria Pierdomenico,2 Salvatore Cucchiara,2 Laura Stronati3 1Division of Health Protection Technologies, Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, Rome, Italy; 2Department of Pediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit,...

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Autores principales:	Negroni A, Pierdomenico M, Cucchiara S, Stronati L
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	innate immunity intestinal homeostasis ER stress autophagy Inflammatory Bowel Disease extra-intestinal disease Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1e6e09b981304ed28217360f16abb606
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1e6e09b981304ed28217360f16abb6062021-12-02T01:54:44ZNOD2 and inflammation: current insights1178-7031https://doaj.org/article/1e6e09b981304ed28217360f16abb6062018-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/nod2-and-inflammation-current-insights-peer-reviewed-article-JIRhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7031Anna Negroni,1 Maria Pierdomenico,2 Salvatore Cucchiara,2 Laura Stronati3 1Division of Health Protection Technologies, Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, Rome, Italy; 2Department of Pediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 3Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy Abstract: The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) protein, NOD2, belonging to the intracellular NOD-like receptor family, detects conserved motifs in bacterial peptidoglycan and promotes their clearance through activation of a proinflammatory transcriptional program and other innate immune pathways, including autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. An inactive form due to mutations or a constitutive high expression of NOD2 is associated with several inflammatory diseases, suggesting that balanced NOD2 signaling is critical for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. In this review, we discuss recent developments about the pathway and mechanisms of regulation of NOD2 and illustrate the principal functions of the gene, with particular emphasis on its central role in maintaining the equilibrium between intestinal microbiota and host immune responses to control inflammation. Furthermore, we survey recent studies illustrating the role of NOD2 in several inflammatory diseases, in particular, inflammatory bowel disease, of which it is the main susceptibility gene. Keywords: innate immunity, intestinal homeostasis, ER stress, autophagy, inflammatory bowel disease, extraintestinal diseaseNegroni APierdomenico MCucchiara SStronati LDove Medical Pressarticleinnate immunityintestinal homeostasisER stressautophagyInflammatory Bowel Diseaseextra-intestinal diseasePathologyRB1-214Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENJournal of Inflammation Research, Vol Volume 11, Pp 49-60 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	innate immunity intestinal homeostasis ER stress autophagy Inflammatory Bowel Disease extra-intestinal disease Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	innate immunity intestinal homeostasis ER stress autophagy Inflammatory Bowel Disease extra-intestinal disease Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Negroni A Pierdomenico M Cucchiara S Stronati L NOD2 and inflammation: current insights
description	Anna Negroni,1 Maria Pierdomenico,2 Salvatore Cucchiara,2 Laura Stronati3 1Division of Health Protection Technologies, Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability Department, ENEA, Rome, Italy; 2Department of Pediatrics and Infantile Neuropsychiatry, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 3Department of Cellular Biotechnology and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy Abstract: The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) protein, NOD2, belonging to the intracellular NOD-like receptor family, detects conserved motifs in bacterial peptidoglycan and promotes their clearance through activation of a proinflammatory transcriptional program and other innate immune pathways, including autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. An inactive form due to mutations or a constitutive high expression of NOD2 is associated with several inflammatory diseases, suggesting that balanced NOD2 signaling is critical for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. In this review, we discuss recent developments about the pathway and mechanisms of regulation of NOD2 and illustrate the principal functions of the gene, with particular emphasis on its central role in maintaining the equilibrium between intestinal microbiota and host immune responses to control inflammation. Furthermore, we survey recent studies illustrating the role of NOD2 in several inflammatory diseases, in particular, inflammatory bowel disease, of which it is the main susceptibility gene. Keywords: innate immunity, intestinal homeostasis, ER stress, autophagy, inflammatory bowel disease, extraintestinal disease
format	article
author	Negroni A Pierdomenico M Cucchiara S Stronati L
author_facet	Negroni A Pierdomenico M Cucchiara S Stronati L
author_sort	Negroni A
title	NOD2 and inflammation: current insights
title_short	NOD2 and inflammation: current insights
title_full	NOD2 and inflammation: current insights
title_fullStr	NOD2 and inflammation: current insights
title_full_unstemmed	NOD2 and inflammation: current insights
title_sort	nod2 and inflammation: current insights
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/1e6e09b981304ed28217360f16abb606
work_keys_str_mv	AT negronia nod2andinflammationcurrentinsights AT pierdomenicom nod2andinflammationcurrentinsights AT cucchiaras nod2andinflammationcurrentinsights AT stronatil nod2andinflammationcurrentinsights
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NOD2 and inflammation: current insights

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