CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels

ABSTRACT Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses are important to control the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Accumulating evidence suggests that the ability of a few immunodominant T-cell populations to detect and kill HIV/SIV-infected cells...

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Autores principales:	Tetsuo Tsukamoto, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Tetsuro Matano
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	AIDS cytotoxic T lymphocyte human immunodeficiency virus parallel processing simian immunodeficiency virus Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1e71fc68f88b4c7dbf22e8cdcf6d2a22
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1e71fc68f88b4c7dbf22e8cdcf6d2a222021-11-15T15:22:04ZCD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels10.1128/mSphere.00381-182379-5042https://doaj.org/article/1e71fc68f88b4c7dbf22e8cdcf6d2a222019-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00381-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses are important to control the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Accumulating evidence suggests that the ability of a few immunodominant T-cell populations to detect and kill HIV/SIV-infected cells is important in individuals with a protective major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) allele. On the other hand, immunization with live(-attenuated) viruses may be effective against superinfection of virulent viral strains regardless of the host’s MHC-I haplotypes, although the underlying mechanisms have not been fully documented. In this article, we propose a hypothesis that the early detection of infected cells in superinfected individuals may be partly facilitated by recognition of diverse CTL epitopes with limited expression levels. We further explain the hypothesis using simple mathematics that was written based on previous in vitro viral suppression assay results and by considering the physical contact of infected cells with CTLs.Tetsuo TsukamotoHiroyuki YamamotoTetsuro MatanoAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleAIDScytotoxic T lymphocytehuman immunodeficiency virusparallel processingsimian immunodeficiency virusMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 4, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	AIDS cytotoxic T lymphocyte human immunodeficiency virus parallel processing simian immunodeficiency virus Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	AIDS cytotoxic T lymphocyte human immunodeficiency virus parallel processing simian immunodeficiency virus Microbiology QR1-502 Tetsuo Tsukamoto Hiroyuki Yamamoto Tetsuro Matano CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels
description	ABSTRACT Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses are important to control the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Accumulating evidence suggests that the ability of a few immunodominant T-cell populations to detect and kill HIV/SIV-infected cells is important in individuals with a protective major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) allele. On the other hand, immunization with live(-attenuated) viruses may be effective against superinfection of virulent viral strains regardless of the host’s MHC-I haplotypes, although the underlying mechanisms have not been fully documented. In this article, we propose a hypothesis that the early detection of infected cells in superinfected individuals may be partly facilitated by recognition of diverse CTL epitopes with limited expression levels. We further explain the hypothesis using simple mathematics that was written based on previous in vitro viral suppression assay results and by considering the physical contact of infected cells with CTLs.
format	article
author	Tetsuo Tsukamoto Hiroyuki Yamamoto Tetsuro Matano
author_facet	Tetsuo Tsukamoto Hiroyuki Yamamoto Tetsuro Matano
author_sort	Tetsuo Tsukamoto
title	CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels
title_short	CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels
title_full	CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels
title_fullStr	CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels
title_full_unstemmed	CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels
title_sort	cd8<sup>+</sup> cytotoxic-t-lymphocyte breadth could facilitate early immune detection of immunodeficiency virus-derived epitopes with limited expression levels
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/1e71fc68f88b4c7dbf22e8cdcf6d2a22
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CD8<sup>+</sup> Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Breadth Could Facilitate Early Immune Detection of Immunodeficiency Virus-Derived Epitopes with Limited Expression Levels

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