Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini

Abstract Non-communicable diseases are increasing faster in HIV/AIDS patients than in the general population. We studied the association between hypertension and other possible confounding factors on viral load and CD4-cell counts in hypertensive and non-hypertensive HIV/AIDS patients receiving anti...

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Autores principales:	Sabelo Bonginkosi Dlamini, Hans-Uwe Dahms, Ming-Tsang Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1e8058a154f64a36bc4a777407a0ad35
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1e8058a154f64a36bc4a777407a0ad352021-12-02T16:06:09ZFactors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini10.1038/s41598-021-92185-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1e8058a154f64a36bc4a777407a0ad352021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92185-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Non-communicable diseases are increasing faster in HIV/AIDS patients than in the general population. We studied the association between hypertension and other possible confounding factors on viral load and CD4-cell counts in hypertensive and non-hypertensive HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a large hospital in Eswatini over a 4-year period. We performed a retrospective longitudinal review of the medical records of 560 ART patients divided into non-hypertension and hypertension groups (n = 325 and n = 235) from July 27 to September 8, 2018. Generalized Estimated Equation was used to analyze the longitudinal data. Hypertensive patients were more likely to have improved CD4-cell counts than non-hypertensive patients (OR = 1.83, [1.37–2.44]). ART patients with hypertension were more likely to have detectable viral loads, though not significant (OR = 1.37 [0.77–2.43]). In non-hypertensive patients, second line ART was significantly associated with viral load (OR = 8.61 [2.93–25.34]) and adverse side effects (OR = 3.50 [1.06–11.54]), while isoniazid preventive therapy was significantly associated with CD4-cell counts (OR = 1.68 [1.16–2.45]). In hypertensive patients, factors associated with viral load were WHO HIV stage (OR = 2.84 [1.03–7.85]) and adherence (OR = 8.08 [1.33–49.04]). In both groups, CD4-cell counts significantly and steadily increased over time (p-value < 0.001). Results show a significant association between hypertension and CD4 cell counts but not viral load. In ART patients with and without hypertension, the factors associated with prognostic markers were different. More attention may need to be paid to ART patients with well controlled HIV status to monitoring and controlling of hypertension status.Sabelo Bonginkosi DlaminiHans-Uwe DahmsMing-Tsang WuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sabelo Bonginkosi Dlamini Hans-Uwe Dahms Ming-Tsang Wu Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini
description	Abstract Non-communicable diseases are increasing faster in HIV/AIDS patients than in the general population. We studied the association between hypertension and other possible confounding factors on viral load and CD4-cell counts in hypertensive and non-hypertensive HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a large hospital in Eswatini over a 4-year period. We performed a retrospective longitudinal review of the medical records of 560 ART patients divided into non-hypertension and hypertension groups (n = 325 and n = 235) from July 27 to September 8, 2018. Generalized Estimated Equation was used to analyze the longitudinal data. Hypertensive patients were more likely to have improved CD4-cell counts than non-hypertensive patients (OR = 1.83, [1.37–2.44]). ART patients with hypertension were more likely to have detectable viral loads, though not significant (OR = 1.37 [0.77–2.43]). In non-hypertensive patients, second line ART was significantly associated with viral load (OR = 8.61 [2.93–25.34]) and adverse side effects (OR = 3.50 [1.06–11.54]), while isoniazid preventive therapy was significantly associated with CD4-cell counts (OR = 1.68 [1.16–2.45]). In hypertensive patients, factors associated with viral load were WHO HIV stage (OR = 2.84 [1.03–7.85]) and adherence (OR = 8.08 [1.33–49.04]). In both groups, CD4-cell counts significantly and steadily increased over time (p-value < 0.001). Results show a significant association between hypertension and CD4 cell counts but not viral load. In ART patients with and without hypertension, the factors associated with prognostic markers were different. More attention may need to be paid to ART patients with well controlled HIV status to monitoring and controlling of hypertension status.
format	article
author	Sabelo Bonginkosi Dlamini Hans-Uwe Dahms Ming-Tsang Wu
author_facet	Sabelo Bonginkosi Dlamini Hans-Uwe Dahms Ming-Tsang Wu
author_sort	Sabelo Bonginkosi Dlamini
title	Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini
title_short	Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini
title_full	Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini
title_fullStr	Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini
title_full_unstemmed	Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini
title_sort	factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in hiv/aids patients with and without hypertension in eswatini
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1e8058a154f64a36bc4a777407a0ad35
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Factors associated with prognostic or treatment outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients with and without hypertension in Eswatini

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