Methodology to obtain highly resolved SO<sub>2</sub> vertical profiles for representation of volcanic emissions in climate models
<p>In this study we describe a methodology to create high-vertical-resolution SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> profiles from volcanic emissions. We demonstrate the method's performance for the volcanic clouds following the eruption of Sa...
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Copernicus Publications
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/1e910eac4aa549fab831f0d9056e2cbb |
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| Sumario: | <p>In this study we describe a methodology to create high-vertical-resolution SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> profiles from volcanic emissions. We
demonstrate the method's performance for the volcanic clouds following the
eruption of Sarychev in June 2009. The resulting profiles are based on a
combination of satellite SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> and aerosol retrievals together with
trajectory modelling. We use satellite-based measurements, namely lidar
backscattering profiles from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal
Polarization (CALIOP) satellite instrument, to create vertical profiles for
SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> swaths from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua
satellite. Vertical profiles are created by transporting the air containing
volcanic aerosol seen in CALIOP observations using the
FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model (FLEXPART) while preserving the high vertical resolution using the
potential temperatures from the MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Application) meteorological data for the original
CALIOP swaths. For the Sarychev eruption, air tracers from 75 CALIOP swaths
within 9 d after the eruption are transported forwards and backwards and
then combined at a point in time when AIRS swaths cover the complete
volcanic SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> cloud. Our method creates vertical distributions for
column density observations of SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> for individual AIRS swaths, using
height information from multiple CALIOP swaths. The resulting dataset gives
insight into the height distribution in the different sub-clouds of SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span>
within the stratosphere. We have compiled a gridded high-vertical-resolution
SO<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> inventory that can be used in Earth system models, with a vertical
resolution of 1 K in potential temperature, 61 <span class="inline-formula">±</span> 56 m, or 1.8 <span class="inline-formula">±</span> 2.9 mbar.</p> |
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