The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates

Abstract In addition to mediating regulation of endogenous gene expression, RNA interference (RNAi) in plants and invertebrates plays a crucial role in defense against viruses via virus-specific siRNAs. Different studies have demonstrated that the functional diversity of RNAi in animals is linked to...

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Autores principales:	Niels Wynant, Dulce Santos, Jozef Vanden Broeck
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1eb33ffcc3044b1bb63db703639111de
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1eb33ffcc3044b1bb63db703639111de2021-12-02T11:52:43ZThe evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates10.1038/s41598-017-08043-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1eb33ffcc3044b1bb63db703639111de2017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08043-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In addition to mediating regulation of endogenous gene expression, RNA interference (RNAi) in plants and invertebrates plays a crucial role in defense against viruses via virus-specific siRNAs. Different studies have demonstrated that the functional diversity of RNAi in animals is linked to the diversification of the Argonaute superfamily, central components of RISCs (RNA induced silencing complexes). The animal Argonaute superfamily is traditionally grouped into AGO and PIWI Argonautes. Yet, by performing phylogenetic analyses and determining the selective evolutionary pressure in the metazoan Argonaute superfamily, we provide evidence for the existence of three conserved Argonaute lineages between basal metazoans and protostomes, namely siRNA-class AGO, miRNA-class AGO and PIWI Argonautes. In addition, it shown that the siRNA-class AGO lineage is characterized by high rates of molecular evolution, suggesting a role in the arms race with viruses, while the miRNA-class AGOs display strong sequence conservation. Interestingly, we also demonstrate that vertebrates lack siRNA-class AGO proteins and that vertebrate AGOs display low rates of molecular evolution. In this way, we provide supportive evidence for the loss of the antiviral siRNA-class AGO group in vertebrates and discuss the consequence hereof on antiviral immunity and the use of RNAi as a loss of function tool in these animals.Niels WynantDulce SantosJozef Vanden BroeckNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Niels Wynant Dulce Santos Jozef Vanden Broeck The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates
description	Abstract In addition to mediating regulation of endogenous gene expression, RNA interference (RNAi) in plants and invertebrates plays a crucial role in defense against viruses via virus-specific siRNAs. Different studies have demonstrated that the functional diversity of RNAi in animals is linked to the diversification of the Argonaute superfamily, central components of RISCs (RNA induced silencing complexes). The animal Argonaute superfamily is traditionally grouped into AGO and PIWI Argonautes. Yet, by performing phylogenetic analyses and determining the selective evolutionary pressure in the metazoan Argonaute superfamily, we provide evidence for the existence of three conserved Argonaute lineages between basal metazoans and protostomes, namely siRNA-class AGO, miRNA-class AGO and PIWI Argonautes. In addition, it shown that the siRNA-class AGO lineage is characterized by high rates of molecular evolution, suggesting a role in the arms race with viruses, while the miRNA-class AGOs display strong sequence conservation. Interestingly, we also demonstrate that vertebrates lack siRNA-class AGO proteins and that vertebrate AGOs display low rates of molecular evolution. In this way, we provide supportive evidence for the loss of the antiviral siRNA-class AGO group in vertebrates and discuss the consequence hereof on antiviral immunity and the use of RNAi as a loss of function tool in these animals.
format	article
author	Niels Wynant Dulce Santos Jozef Vanden Broeck
author_facet	Niels Wynant Dulce Santos Jozef Vanden Broeck
author_sort	Niels Wynant
title	The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates
title_short	The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates
title_full	The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates
title_fullStr	The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates
title_full_unstemmed	The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates
title_sort	evolution of animal argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral ago argonautes in vertebrates
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/1eb33ffcc3044b1bb63db703639111de
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The evolution of animal Argonautes: evidence for the absence of antiviral AGO Argonautes in vertebrates

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