Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert

Abstract The weevil Conorhynchus palumbus develops in a mud chamber affixed to the roots of the summer annual plant Salsola inermis in the Negev Desert of Israel. The weevil carries nitrogen fixing bacteria, and evidence suggests that plants with weevils utilize the fixed nitrogen. To characterize t...

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Autores principales:	Nitsan Bar-Shmuel, Elena Rogovin, Shimon Rachmilevitch, Ariel-Leib-Leonid Friedman, Oren Shelef, Ishai Hoffmann, Tamir Rosenberg, Adi Behar, Reut Shavit, Fengqun Meng, Michal Segoli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1ebc8f8ed4224a8b8184986af4863cef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1ebc8f8ed4224a8b8184986af4863cef2021-12-02T15:08:14ZTripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert10.1038/s41598-018-20828-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/1ebc8f8ed4224a8b8184986af4863cef2018-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20828-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The weevil Conorhynchus palumbus develops in a mud chamber affixed to the roots of the summer annual plant Salsola inermis in the Negev Desert of Israel. The weevil carries nitrogen fixing bacteria, and evidence suggests that plants with weevils utilize the fixed nitrogen. To characterize the distribution, abundance and significance of this unique interaction, we surveyed Salsola plants in 16 sites throughout the Negev Desert. We excavated ~100 plants from each site, recorded the presence of weevils in their roots, and characterized the soil properties in each site. Weevil mud chambers were present in all of the sampled sites and their abundance was positively correlated with soil nitrogen content and with plant size, and negatively correlated with soil grain-size. Intriguingly, we found two additional weevil species–Menecleonus virgatus and Maximus mimosae–residing in mud chambers on Salsola roots, and found one additional Salsola species–S. incanescens–accommodating weevils. Nitrogen fixing bacteria were found in weevil larvae of the two additional species and at multiple sites. Overall, our findings suggest that potentially beneficial associations between weevils and plants may be more common than previously acknowledged, and may play an important role in this desert ecosystem.Nitsan Bar-ShmuelElena RogovinShimon RachmilevitchAriel-Leib-Leonid FriedmanOren ShelefIshai HoffmannTamir RosenbergAdi BeharReut ShavitFengqun MengMichal SegoliNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nitsan Bar-Shmuel Elena Rogovin Shimon Rachmilevitch Ariel-Leib-Leonid Friedman Oren Shelef Ishai Hoffmann Tamir Rosenberg Adi Behar Reut Shavit Fengqun Meng Michal Segoli Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert
description	Abstract The weevil Conorhynchus palumbus develops in a mud chamber affixed to the roots of the summer annual plant Salsola inermis in the Negev Desert of Israel. The weevil carries nitrogen fixing bacteria, and evidence suggests that plants with weevils utilize the fixed nitrogen. To characterize the distribution, abundance and significance of this unique interaction, we surveyed Salsola plants in 16 sites throughout the Negev Desert. We excavated ~100 plants from each site, recorded the presence of weevils in their roots, and characterized the soil properties in each site. Weevil mud chambers were present in all of the sampled sites and their abundance was positively correlated with soil nitrogen content and with plant size, and negatively correlated with soil grain-size. Intriguingly, we found two additional weevil species–Menecleonus virgatus and Maximus mimosae–residing in mud chambers on Salsola roots, and found one additional Salsola species–S. incanescens–accommodating weevils. Nitrogen fixing bacteria were found in weevil larvae of the two additional species and at multiple sites. Overall, our findings suggest that potentially beneficial associations between weevils and plants may be more common than previously acknowledged, and may play an important role in this desert ecosystem.
format	article
author	Nitsan Bar-Shmuel Elena Rogovin Shimon Rachmilevitch Ariel-Leib-Leonid Friedman Oren Shelef Ishai Hoffmann Tamir Rosenberg Adi Behar Reut Shavit Fengqun Meng Michal Segoli
author_facet	Nitsan Bar-Shmuel Elena Rogovin Shimon Rachmilevitch Ariel-Leib-Leonid Friedman Oren Shelef Ishai Hoffmann Tamir Rosenberg Adi Behar Reut Shavit Fengqun Meng Michal Segoli
author_sort	Nitsan Bar-Shmuel
title	Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert
title_short	Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert
title_full	Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert
title_fullStr	Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert
title_full_unstemmed	Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert
title_sort	tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the negev desert
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/1ebc8f8ed4224a8b8184986af4863cef
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Tripartite symbiosis of plant-weevil-bacteria is a widespread phenomenon in the Negev Desert

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