Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice

Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three forms of silicate chemicals (calcium silicate, sodium silicate,...

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Autores principales:	Qamar uz Zaman, Muhammad Rashid, Rab Nawaz, Afzal Hussain, Kamran Ashraf, Maria Latif, Abdihakim Osman Heile, Faisal Mehmood, Sughra Salahuddin, Yinglong Chen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cadmium accumulation Cd stress grain yield physiological traits rice silicon fertilizer Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1f0bef78e5d94cf8a6899d0861751fa3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1f0bef78e5d94cf8a6899d0861751fa32021-11-25T18:46:37ZSilicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice10.3390/plants101124402223-7747https://doaj.org/article/1f0bef78e5d94cf8a6899d0861751fa32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2440https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three forms of silicate chemicals (calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and potassium silicate) at four rates (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) at tillering stage on rice growth and the accumulation of Cd under Cd stress (30 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>). The results showed that Cd stress reduced the yield-related traits and enlarged Cd contents in different rice organs. The leaf gas exchange attributes and yield traits were enhanced, and the Cd accumulation and bioaccumulation factor in rice organs were reduced, especially in grains, through silicon application. In shoots, roots, and grains, foliar spray of Si reduced Cd contents by 40.3%, 50.7%, and 47.9%, respectively. The effectiveness of silicate compounds in reducing Cd toxicity varied with the kind of chemicals and doses of foliar applications. Foliar application of potassium silicate, at a rate of 0.5%, at tillering stage, showed the best effectiveness in improving grain yield, while mitigating Cd accumulation in rice grains. The outcome of this study provides a promising practicable approach in alleviating Cd toxicity in rice and preventing the entrance of Cd into the food chain.Qamar uz ZamanMuhammad RashidRab NawazAfzal HussainKamran AshrafMaria LatifAbdihakim Osman HeileFaisal MehmoodSughra SalahuddinYinglong ChenMDPI AGarticlecadmium accumulationCd stressgrain yieldphysiological traitsricesilicon fertilizerBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2440, p 2440 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cadmium accumulation Cd stress grain yield physiological traits rice silicon fertilizer Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	cadmium accumulation Cd stress grain yield physiological traits rice silicon fertilizer Botany QK1-989 Qamar uz Zaman Muhammad Rashid Rab Nawaz Afzal Hussain Kamran Ashraf Maria Latif Abdihakim Osman Heile Faisal Mehmood Sughra Salahuddin Yinglong Chen Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice
description	Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three forms of silicate chemicals (calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and potassium silicate) at four rates (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) at tillering stage on rice growth and the accumulation of Cd under Cd stress (30 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>). The results showed that Cd stress reduced the yield-related traits and enlarged Cd contents in different rice organs. The leaf gas exchange attributes and yield traits were enhanced, and the Cd accumulation and bioaccumulation factor in rice organs were reduced, especially in grains, through silicon application. In shoots, roots, and grains, foliar spray of Si reduced Cd contents by 40.3%, 50.7%, and 47.9%, respectively. The effectiveness of silicate compounds in reducing Cd toxicity varied with the kind of chemicals and doses of foliar applications. Foliar application of potassium silicate, at a rate of 0.5%, at tillering stage, showed the best effectiveness in improving grain yield, while mitigating Cd accumulation in rice grains. The outcome of this study provides a promising practicable approach in alleviating Cd toxicity in rice and preventing the entrance of Cd into the food chain.
format	article
author	Qamar uz Zaman Muhammad Rashid Rab Nawaz Afzal Hussain Kamran Ashraf Maria Latif Abdihakim Osman Heile Faisal Mehmood Sughra Salahuddin Yinglong Chen
author_facet	Qamar uz Zaman Muhammad Rashid Rab Nawaz Afzal Hussain Kamran Ashraf Maria Latif Abdihakim Osman Heile Faisal Mehmood Sughra Salahuddin Yinglong Chen
author_sort	Qamar uz Zaman
title	Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice
title_short	Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice
title_full	Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice
title_fullStr	Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice
title_full_unstemmed	Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice
title_sort	silicon fertilization: a step towards cadmium-free fragrant rice
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1f0bef78e5d94cf8a6899d0861751fa3
work_keys_str_mv	AT qamaruzzaman siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT muhammadrashid siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT rabnawaz siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT afzalhussain siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT kamranashraf siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT marialatif siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT abdihakimosmanheile siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT faisalmehmood siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT sughrasalahuddin siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice AT yinglongchen siliconfertilizationasteptowardscadmiumfreefragrantrice
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Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice

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